Biology NEET - XI: Chapter 15- Plant Growth and Development
The arc auxanometer was developed by Wilhelm Pfeffer, a German botanist. This device is used to measure the growth of plants, particularly elongation in stem or coleoptile, by magnifying even minute changes in length using a thread, pulley, and needle system.
Who developed arc auxanometre?
Pfeffer
Key Terms
Who developed arc auxanometre?
Pfeffer
Which device is used to measure the increase in surface area?
Crescograph
What is the term ‘r’ in the equation of geometric growth?
r= relative growth rate, efficiency index
Which phase represents the phase of adaptation in a sigmoid curve?
Lag phase
Developmental heterophylly is found in
Cotton, larksur, corriander
Environmental heterophylly is found in
Buttercup
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Who developed arc auxanometre? | Pfeffer |
Which device is used to measure the increase in surface area? | Crescograph |
What is the term ‘r ’ in the equation of geometric growth? | r= relative growth rate, efficiency index |
Which phase represents the phase of adaptation in a sigmoid curve? | Lag phase |
Developmental heterophylly is found in | Cotton, larksur, corriander |
Environmental heterophylly is found in | Buttercup |
Who discovered auxin? | Darwin |
In which plant was auxin first discovered? | Canary |
Who isolated auxin from a plant for the first time? | F.W. Went isolated auxin for the first time from the coleoptile tip of oat (Avena sativa) |
Auxin was first exctracted from | Human urine |
What is the bioassay of auxins? | Avena curvature test |
What is the natural form of auxin? | IAA, IBA |
Name three synthetic auxin. | Naphthalene acetic acid 2,4-D 2,4,5,-T |
Which hormone initiates rooting in stems? | Auxin |
Which hormones promote flowering in pineapples? | Auxin and ethylene |
Which hormone prevents leaf and fruit drop at early stages but promotes abscission of older leaves, flowers, etc? | Auxin |
Which hormone induces apical dominance? | Auxin |
Which hormone induces parthenocarpy? | Auxin |
Mixture of which hormones is used as a dicot weedicide? | 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T |
What is the bioassay of gibberellins? | Dwarf pea test |
Which hormones induce profuse flowering in plants? | Gibberellins |
Which hormoes delay senescence? | Gibberellins and cytokinins |
Which hormones are used to increase the length of the stalk of grape vines? | Gibberellins |
Which hormones cause fruits like apple to elongate? | Gibberellins |
Which is the most important gibberellin? | GA3 |
Which hormones are used to increase malting in plants? | Gibberellins |
Which hormones are extremely useful to the brewing industry? | Gibberellins |
Which hormones cause bolting? | Gibberellins |
By how many times do gibberellins increase the yield of sugarcane? | 20 times |
Who discovered cytokinins and in what? | Miller and skoog discovered cytokinins in sperms of herring. |
Cytokinins were discovered in which plant for the first time? | Endosperm of maize |
What did Miller and Skoog name cytokinins? | Kinetin |
What did Letham who discovered cytokinins in maize name it? | Zeatin |
What is the bioassay of cytokinins? | Retention of chlorophyll |
Which hormones are known as true cell division factors? | Cytokinins |
Which hormones help in overcoming apical dominance? | Cytokinins |
Which hormones are antagonistic to cytokinins? | Auxins |
Give an example of a synthetic cytokinin. | BAP (Benzyl amino purine) |
Who confirmed the presence of ethylene hormones in ripened oranges? | Cousins |
What kind of tissues produce ethylene in maximum quantity? | Tissues undergoing senescence |
Which hormone promotes root hair formation in plants? | Ethylene |
Which hormone is used to initiate fruiting in pineapples? | Ethylene |
Which hormone initiates flowering in mangoes? | Ethylene |
Which hormone induces formation of female flowers in cucumbers? | Ethylene |
Which hormone promotes horizontal growth of seedlings and apical hook formation? | Ethylene` |
Which hormone promotes rapid petiole elongation in rice? | Ethylene |
WHich hormone helps break bud and seed dormancy? | Ethylene |
Which hormone initiates germination in peanuts? | Ethylene |
Which hormone helps in sprouting of potato tubers? | Ethylene |
What is respiratory climactic? | Increased rate of respiration during ripening of fruits |
Which is the most common source of ethylene ? | Ethaphon |
Which hormone is called stress hormone? | Abscissic acid |
Which hormones are antagonistic to gibberellic acid? | Abscissic acid |
What is known as critical day length? | The length of day or light period in a 24-hour cycle required to induce flowering of long-day plants or to inhibit flowering of short-day plants. |
Give examples of short day plants. | Sorghum, strawberry, rice, tobacco, chrysanthemum, soyabean |
Give examples of long day plants. | Oats, wheat, potato, spinach radish, sugarbeet |
Give examples of day neutral plants. | Tomato, rose, sunflower, cotton |
When are winter varieties of a plant planted? | Autumn |
When are winter varietes of a plant harvested? | Mid-summer |
Which hormone substitutes for low temperatures required for vernalisation? | Gibberellic acid |
What is the colour of phytochrome red? | Bluish |
What is the colour of phytochrome far red? | Yellow green |
Where is phytochrome red located? | On cell membrane |
Where is phytochrome far red located? | Cytoplasm |
Phytochrome red can be converted into phytochrome far red by | red light |
Phytochrome far red can be converted into phytochrome red by | Far red light |
Flowering in short day plants in induced by which phytochrome? | Phytochrome red |
Flowering in long day plants is induced by which phytochrome? | Phytochrome far red |
N6-furfurylamino purine is a derivative of | Adenine |
Kinetin is a derivative of | Adenine |
Abscissic acid is a derivative of | Carotenoids |
Gibberellic acid is a derivative of | Terpenes |
Though ethylene can function as both a plant growth promoter and a plant growth inhibitor, it is a largely a | Plant growth inhibitor |
Which hormone helps control xylem differentiation? | Auxin |
Which hormones allow fruits to be left longer on the trees so as to extend its market period? | Giberellic acids |
Which hormone hastens the maturity of juvenile conifers? | Giberellic acids |
Which hormone promotes adventitious root formation? | Cytokinins |
Which hormone accelerates thinning of cotton, cherry and walnut? | Ethylene |
What are the sites of perception of light/dark duration? | Leaves |
Biennials are polycarpic plants that normallly flower and die in the second season. True/false? | False. They are monocarpic. |
Give examples of common biennials? | Sugarbeet, cabbages, carrots |