Back to AI Flashcard MakerBiology /Biology NEET - XI: Chapter 15- Plant Growth and Development

Biology NEET - XI: Chapter 15- Plant Growth and Development

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The arc auxanometer was developed by Wilhelm Pfeffer, a German botanist. This device is used to measure the growth of plants, particularly elongation in stem or coleoptile, by magnifying even minute changes in length using a thread, pulley, and needle system.

Who developed arc auxanometre?

Pfeffer

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

Who developed arc auxanometre?

Pfeffer

Which device is used to measure the increase in surface area?

Crescograph

What is the term ‘r’ in the equation of geometric growth?

r= relative growth rate, efficiency index

Which phase represents the phase of adaptation in a sigmoid curve?

Lag phase

Developmental heterophylly is found in

Cotton, larksur, corriander

Environmental heterophylly is found in

Buttercup

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TermDefinition

Who developed arc auxanometre?

Pfeffer

Which device is used to measure the increase in surface area?

Crescograph

What is the term ‘r’ in the equation of geometric growth?

r= relative growth rate, efficiency index

Which phase represents the phase of adaptation in a sigmoid curve?

Lag phase

Developmental heterophylly is found in

Cotton, larksur, corriander

Environmental heterophylly is found in

Buttercup

Who discovered auxin?

Darwin

In which plant was auxin first discovered?

Canary

Who isolated auxin from a plant for the first time?

F.W. Went isolated auxin for the first time from the coleoptile tip of oat (Avena sativa)

Auxin was first exctracted from

Human urine

What is the bioassay of auxins?

Avena curvature test

What is the natural form of auxin?

IAA, IBA

Name three synthetic auxin.

Naphthalene acetic acid

2,4-D

2,4,5,-T

Which hormone initiates rooting in stems?

Auxin

Which hormones promote flowering in pineapples?

Auxin and ethylene

Which hormone prevents leaf and fruit drop at early stages but promotes abscission of older leaves, flowers, etc?

Auxin

Which hormone induces apical dominance?

Auxin

Which hormone induces parthenocarpy?

Auxin

Mixture of which hormones is used as a dicot weedicide?

2,4-D and 2,4,5-T

What is the bioassay of gibberellins?

Dwarf pea test

Which hormones induce profuse flowering in plants?

Gibberellins

Which hormoes delay senescence?

Gibberellins and cytokinins

Which hormones are used to increase the length of the stalk of grape vines?

Gibberellins

Which hormones cause fruits like apple to elongate?

Gibberellins

Which is the most important gibberellin?

GA3

Which hormones are used to increase malting in plants?

Gibberellins

Which hormones are extremely useful to the brewing industry?

Gibberellins

Which hormones cause bolting?

Gibberellins

By how many times do gibberellins increase the yield of sugarcane?

20 times

Who discovered cytokinins and in what?

Miller and skoog discovered cytokinins in sperms of herring.

Cytokinins were discovered in which plant for the first time?

Endosperm of maize

What did Miller and Skoog name cytokinins?

Kinetin

What did Letham who discovered cytokinins in maize name it?

Zeatin

What is the bioassay of cytokinins?

Retention of chlorophyll

Which hormones are known as true cell division factors?

Cytokinins

Which hormones help in overcoming apical dominance?

Cytokinins

Which hormones are antagonistic to cytokinins?

Auxins

Give an example of a synthetic cytokinin.

BAP (Benzyl amino purine)

Who confirmed the presence of ethylene hormones in ripened oranges?

Cousins

What kind of tissues produce ethylene in maximum quantity?

Tissues undergoing senescence

Which hormone promotes root hair formation in plants?

Ethylene

Which hormone is used to initiate fruiting in pineapples?

Ethylene

Which hormone initiates flowering in mangoes?

Ethylene

Which hormone induces formation of female flowers in cucumbers?

Ethylene

Which hormone promotes horizontal growth of seedlings and apical hook formation?

Ethylene`

Which hormone promotes rapid petiole elongation in rice?

Ethylene

WHich hormone helps break bud and seed dormancy?

Ethylene

Which hormone initiates germination in peanuts?

Ethylene

Which hormone helps in sprouting of potato tubers?

Ethylene

What is respiratory climactic?

Increased rate of respiration during ripening of fruits

Which is the most common source of ethylene ?

Ethaphon

Which hormone is called stress hormone?

Abscissic acid

Which hormones are antagonistic to gibberellic acid?

Abscissic acid

What is known as critical day length?

The length of day or light period in a 24-hour cycle required to induce flowering of long-day plants or to inhibit flowering of short-day plants.

Give examples of short day plants.

Sorghum, strawberry, rice, tobacco, chrysanthemum, soyabean

Give examples of long day plants.

Oats, wheat, potato, spinach radish, sugarbeet

Give examples of day neutral plants.

Tomato, rose, sunflower, cotton

When are winter varieties of a plant planted?

Autumn

When are winter varietes of a plant harvested?

Mid-summer

Which hormone substitutes for low temperatures required for vernalisation?

Gibberellic acid

What is the colour of phytochrome red?

Bluish

What is the colour of phytochrome far red?

Yellow green

Where is phytochrome red located?

On cell membrane

Where is phytochrome far red located?

Cytoplasm

Phytochrome red can be converted into phytochrome far red by

red light

Phytochrome far red can be converted into phytochrome red by

Far red light

Flowering in short day plants in induced by which phytochrome?

Phytochrome red

Flowering in long day plants is induced by which phytochrome?

Phytochrome far red

N6-furfurylamino purine is a derivative of

Adenine

Kinetin is a derivative of

Adenine

Abscissic acid is a derivative of

Carotenoids

Gibberellic acid is a derivative of

Terpenes

Though ethylene can function as both a plant growth promoter and a plant growth inhibitor, it is a largely a

Plant growth inhibitor

Which hormone helps control xylem differentiation?

Auxin

Which hormones allow fruits to be left longer on the trees so as to extend its market period?

Giberellic acids

Which hormone hastens the maturity of juvenile conifers?

Giberellic acids

Which hormone promotes adventitious root formation?

Cytokinins

Which hormone accelerates thinning of cotton, cherry and walnut?

Ethylene

What are the sites of perception of light/dark duration?

Leaves

Biennials are polycarpic plants that normallly flower and die in the second season. True/false?

False. They are monocarpic.

Give examples of common biennials?

Sugarbeet, cabbages, carrots