Human Geography Vocabulary Part 10

A period of improvements in industrial technology, like the invention of steam engines and mass production.

The new machines resulted in fact agricultural production, which caused more wealth, which meant more money towards sanitation and personal hygiene.

Zero duh fatso.

Around the 1950s.

The medical revolution.

The diffufsion of medical technology from MDCs to the LDCs.

They eliminated many traditional causes of death and enambled more people to experience longer and healthier lives.

When CBR begans to drop sharply.

It continues to decline, but not as rapidly as in stage 2.

It continues to grow, because CBR is higher than CDR.

It declines.

- Improved medical technologies ensure newborns to live a full life, so parents will have less.
- People are more likely to work in offices or shops rather than in farms, so they don't need lots of kids to help with chores on the farm.

Laws (no longer in effect) in South Africa that physically separated different races into different geographic areas.

Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities

Illegal practice of inducing homeowners to sell their properties by telling them that a certain people of a certain race, national origin or religion are moving into the area

An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state

a force that divides people and countries

A Spanish-speaking neighborhood

barrioization

a region caught between stronger colliding external cultural-political forces, under persistent stress, and often fragmented by aggressive rivals (e.g., Israel or Kashmir today; Eastern Europe during the Cold War,...).

in arranged marriages in india, bride is killed for failure of father to pay dowry

Process in which more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogeneous region

different ethnic groups struggle to achieve certain political or economic goals at each other's expense

Group of people who share common ancestry, language, religion, customs, or combination of such characteristics

Identity with a group of people that share distinct physical and mental traits as a product of common heredity and cultural traditions.

tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups; practice of judging another culture by one's own standards

During the middle Ages, a neighborhood in a city set up by law to be inhabited only by Jews; now used to denote a section of a city in which members of any minority group live because of social, legal, or economic pressure

A state that contains more than one ethnicity

State that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities.

tightly knit group of individuals sharing a common language, ethnicity, religion, and other cultural attributes

a strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country

Identity with a group of people that share legal attachment and personal allegiance to a particular place as a result of being born there.

A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality

a society in which different cultural groupls keep their own identity, beliefs, and traditions

Identity with a group of people descended from a common ancestor.

Belief that one racial group is superior to another

the right of people to choose their own form of government

the separation or isolation of a race, class, or group

Defined by Douglas Massey and Nancy Denton as "the degree to which two or more groups live separately from one another, in different parts of the urban environment."

refers to the amount of space that operates between individuals or groups as a result of differences in race, age, culture, ethnicity, etc.

A practice, primarily during the eighteenth century, in which European ships transported slaves from Africa to Caribbean islands, molasses from the Caribbean to Europe, and trade goods from Europe to Africa.

The adding of a region to the territory of an existing political unit.

There are two types, exclusionary and inclusionary. Exclusionary is meant to keep people out, such as the border between the U.S. and Mexico. Inclusionary is meant to facilitate trade and movement, such as the U.S.-Canada border

When a physical feature such as a mountain or river determine a political boundary

a political boundary that follows some cultural border, such as linguistic or religious border

Political boundaries that are defined and delimited by straight lines.

small country located between two hostile powers and whose presence decreased the possibility of conflict between them

the city that is the seat of government of a state, nation, or province

a city with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside

Attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory.

An economic system in which the government controls a country's economy.

economic system in which decisions on production and consumption of goods and services are based on voluntary exchange in markets

an economy in which private enterprise exists in combination with a considerable amount of government regulation and promotion

The territorial nucleus from which a country grows in an area and over time, often containing the national capital and the main center of commerce, culture, and industry.

a political system in which a weak central government has limited authority, and the states have ultimate power.

meeting of 14 mostly European countries on how to divided up Africa amongst themselves disregarding African input or ethnic groups

The collapse of colonial empires. Between 1947 and 1962, practically all former colonies in Asia and Africa gained independence.

the spread of representative government to more countries and the process of making governments more representative

The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government.

the idea that if a nation falls under communist control, nearby nations will also fall under communist control