Explain why BH^3 is trigonal planar and NH^3 is trigonal pyramidal.
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Answer

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Step 1:
I'll solve this molecular geometry problem step by step:

Step 2:
: Understand Electron Geometry Basics

The molecular geometry of a molecule depends on: - Number of central atom's valence electrons - Number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs - Electron pair arrangement (electron geometry)

Step 3:
: Analyze BH^3 Electron Configuration

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- Boron (B) has 3 valence electrons - Each hydrogen (H) contributes 1 electron - These form 3 single bonds - No lone pairs on central boron atom

Final Answer

- BH^3 is trigonal planar due to symmetric electron distribution with no lone pairs - NH^3 is trigonal pyramidal due to the presence of a lone pair on the central nitrogen atom, causing slight distortion from tetrahedral geometry