QQuestionChemistry
QuestionChemistry
Why is copper nitrate written as Cu(2$)2 instead of CuNO^3 when the valency of copper is + 1?
Why do we use the (II) valency of copper (+ 2) only in the formula of copper nitrate?
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Step 1:I'll solve this problem step by step, explaining the concept of valency and ionic compound formation.
Step 2:: Understanding Valency
Valency is the combining capacity of an element. For transition metals like copper, the valency can vary. Copper can exist in two common oxidation states: + 1 (cuprous) and + 2 (cupric).
Step 3:: Copper's Oxidation States
Cu^{2+}$$ (copper(II) ion)
- Copper can form two different ions:
Step 4:: Nitrate Ion Composition
- The nitrate ion has a fixed composition: $$NO_{3}^{-}
- Each nitrate ion carries a - 1 charge
Step 5:: Balancing Charges in Copper Nitrate
- For $$Cu^{2+}$$: Requires 2 nitrate ions to balance the charge
- To create a neutral compound, we need to balance the positive and negative charges
Step 6:: Explaining the Formula
- $$Cu(NO_{3})_{2}$$ represents copper(II) nitrate
- Charge balance: Cu^{2 +} + 2(NO_{3}^{-}) = 0 - This ensures electrical neutrality
Final Answer
Copper nitrate is written as Cu(NO3)2 because the copper(II) ion (Cu^{2 +}) requires two nitrate ions (NO_{3}^{-}) to create a neutral compound. The + 2 valency is used to achieve charge balance, making the compound electrically neutral. Key Insight: The choice of copper's oxidation state depends on the specific compound and the need to balance electrical charges.
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