2020 ASCP Molecular Biology Certification Exam With Answers (100 Solved Questions)

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ASCP Molecular Biology Certification Exam10 studiers todayScienceBiologyPathology4.8 (11 reviews)Students also viewedTerms in this set (1434)MB (ASCP) 2020Teacher402 termsKquan20PreviewMolecular Diagnostics Chapter 2Teacher57 termsLolo20000000PreviewMembrane29 termsPyrimidineOne carbon ringCytosine, Thymine, UracilWhat is the function ofmRNA?Carries genetic info out of nucleusTranscript translated to proteinWhat is the function oftRNA?Carries aa to ribosomeAnticodon pairs with codon on mRNA strandWhat is the function ofrRNA?part of ribosome structuremost abundant RNAcoordinated coupling of tRNA to mRNA codonsFeedback inhibitionProduct of pathway is noncompetitive inhibitorBinds to allosteric site to slow down rxn b/c too muchproduct1 of 11

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Endonucleases (Prok)Restriction enzymesCleaves phoshpodiester bonds w/i poly-nt chainRecognition site is palindromic sequenceTypes I-VORI sitesnt sequence where replication is initiatedTopoisomerase IInduces ss breaksRemove DNA supercoils during TXN and DNAreplication; for strand breakage during recombination;for chr condensation; and to disentangle intertwinedDNA during mitosistopoisomerase IIcuts both strands of one DNA double helix, passesanother unbroken DNA helix through it, and thenreanneals the cut strandsGyrase (topoisomerase II)Unwinds supercoiling caused by unwinding at the repfork by introducing DSBsHelicaseBreaks H-bonds of double helix at the replication forksingle-strand DNA bindingproteins (SSBPs)Binds ssDNA and prevents it from re-annealing duringTXN, replication, repair, and recombinationTelomeresRepeat sequence (TTAGGG) at the ends of chr, protectchr from degradationRNA polymeraseDNA dependent RNApolTranscribes DNA template to RNA (3'-->5'; anti-parallel)SplicesomesComplex of snRNPsRemoves introns from pre-mRNA and splices exonstogetherEnhancersShort regions of DNA that bind proteins (TXN factors)that enhance TXN of a geneReverse transcriptaseenzyme that transcribes RNA to cDNA (lacks introns)RNA --> RNA:DNA --> cDNA (dsDNA)2 of 11

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Open Reading Frame(ORF)sections of DNA that begin with start codons and endwith stop codonsDNA: 5' --> 3'transcription: 3' --> 5' DNA --> RNA (promoter)translation: 5' --> 3' mRNASpectrophotometerMeasures amount of light absorbedQuantitative measurement of [DNA/RNA]At what wavelength doesDNA and RNA absorb?260 nmAt what wavelength doesprotein absorb?280 nmOrganic isolation method1. Lyse2. Add phenol/ chloroform > vortex/spin3. Transfer aqueous layer (top) to new tube4. Add chloroform:IAA (removes phenol) > vortex/spin5. Transfer aqueous layer to new tube6. Add NaOAc and EtOH > vortex/spin7. Decant8. ResuspendWhat does the incubationstep in hybridization do?Allows formation of ds moleculesFormamide acts as a__________ in a hybridization.denaturing agentLine Probe Assay (LiPA)reverse hybridization assay using sequence-specificoligonucleotide probes (reverse SSOP)multi-parameter testing --> single stripSingle-StrandedConformationalPolymorphism Ananlysis(SSCP)Used for known gene, unknown mutMutation screeningShort PCR products form 3D conformation whencooled --> muts have different conformation than WTNon-denaturing PAGE, muts migrate different than WT3 of 11

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