QQuestionArchitecture
QuestionArchitecture
What criticism does the multiple-nuclei model pose regarding the concentric zone and sector models?
A. The main city-center core does not rejuvenate once it declines.
B. Cities develop more quickly at the fringes rather than at the center.
C. Transportation and housing are not the driving forces of urban development.
D. Modern cities develop from the outside inward rather than from a core outward.
E. Cities do not develop around a single city-center core.
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Step 1:I'll solve this urban geography problem by analyzing the multiple-nuclei model's key characteristics and its critique of previous urban models.
Step 2:: Understanding the Multiple-Nuclei Model
The multiple-nuclei model, developed by geographers Harris and Ullman in 1945, argues that cities do not develop around a single central core. Instead, cities grow around multiple independent centers or nodes, each serving different economic and social functions.
Step 3:: Comparing with Previous Models
- Concentric Zone Model (Ernest Burgess): Proposed cities develop in circular rings radiating from a central business district - Sector Model (Homer Hoyt): Suggested cities develop in wedge-shaped sectors from a central core
Step 4:: Key Critique of Single-Core Models
The multiple-nuclei model challenges the idea that urban development occurs from a single, uniform center. It suggests that cities are more complex, with multiple specialized centers emerging based on: - Economic activities - Transportation networks - Land use variations - Social and demographic factors
Step 5:: Identifying the Correct Answer
The model directly critiques the notion of a single city-center core, which matches option E: "Cities do not develop around a single city-center core."
Final Answer
Cities do not develop around a single city-center core. The multiple-nuclei model emphasizes the polycentricity of urban development, rejecting the simplistic single-core approach of earlier urban models.
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