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Test Bank For Business Law: Text And Cases, 13th Edition

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     Highlights  of Test Bank B  Test Bank B contains more than 2,1 00 questions  Each Chapter of Test Bank B includes —  True - False Questions and Multiple - Choice Questions, including Hypotheticals & Fact Patterns with series of questions, and Essay Questions  Answers to all questions  References to the specific pages of the text that discuss the law relating to the questions & answers  An Annotation System that reveals when a question is: new (N), revised from the last edition ( + ), or the same as in the last edition (=).  An Annotation System that tells you which AACSB Skill , Tier I Standard , Learning Objective , Bloom’s Taxonomy , Difficulty Level , and AICPA Skill each question fulfills.  Unit Appendices with questions on features & “Focus on Ethics” sections  Test Bank A is also available on ExamView® Pro , the acclaimed computerized testing system . W ith ExamView® Pro , instructors can —  Set up the Page Layout for tests  Add or Edit questions & answers and Select questions at random or by number  View summaries of the test or Test Bank B chapters

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    1 © 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Chapter 1 Law and Legal Reasoning N.B.: TYPE indicates that a question is new, modified, or unchanged, as follows. N A question new to this edition of the Test Bank. + A question modified from the previous edition of the Test Bank. = A question included in the previous edition of the Test Bank. TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS B1. Laws and government regulations affect almost all business activities . ANSWER: T PAGE: 2 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Legal B2. The U.S. Constitution is the basis of all law in the United States. ANSWER: T PAGE: 4 TYPE: + BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Legal B3. The U.S. Constitution reserves to the federal government all powers not granted to the states . ANSWER: F PAGE: 4 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B4. The Uniform Commercial Code has been adopted in all fifty states . ANSWER: T PAGE: 5 TYPE: + BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking

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    2 TEST BANK B — UNIT ONE: THE LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF BUSINESS © 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. B5. Federal agency regulations take precedence over conflicting state agency regulations. ANSWER: T PAGE: 5 TYPE: + BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Legal B6. Common law is a term for the laws that are familiar to most of us. ANSWER: F PAGE: 6 TYPE: = BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B7. Decisions by higher court s are not binding on lower court s . ANSWER: F PAGE: 8 TYPE: + BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Legal B8. Stare decisis is a doctrine obligating judges to help persons who have failed to protect their own rights. ANSWER: F PAGE: 8 TYPE: = BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Legal B9. Courts are not obligated to follow precedents . ANSWER: F PAGE: 9 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B10. In most legal controversies, there is one single correct result . ANSWER: F PAGE: 10 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B11. Although cases may be similar, no two cases are ever identical in all respects . ANSWER: T PAGE: 10 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B12 . Each judge had his or her personal beliefs and philosophy, which shape the legal reasoning process.

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    CHAPTER 1: LAW AND LEGAL REASONING 3 © 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. ANSWER: T PAGE: 10 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B13 . Clearly, a judge’s function is to make the laws . ANSWER: F PAGE: 11 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B14 . The c ourts , in interpreting statutory law, often rely on the common law as a guide to what the legislators intended . ANSWER: T PAGE: 11 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B15 . A jury’s good sense and careful consideration of consequences is known as jurisprudence. ANSWER: F PAGE: 11 TYPE: = BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B16 . Procedural law consists of all laws that outline the methods of enforcing rights . ANSWER: T PAGE: 12 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Legal B17 . A citation identifies the publication in which a legal authority can be found . ANSWER: T PAGE: 13 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Research B18 . The decisions made by the courts establish the boundaries of the law as it applies to almost all business relationships. ANSWER: T PAGE: 15 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B19 . The party against whom a lawsuit is brought is the plaintiff or petitioner . ANSWER: F PAGE: 20 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking

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    4 TEST BANK B — UNIT ONE: THE LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF BUSINESS © 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. B20 . When all the judges (or justices) agree on a decision, a majority opinion is written for the entire court. ANSWER: F PAGE: 20 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking MULTIPLE - CHOICE QUESTIONS B1 . Data Analytics, Inc., is a corporation engaged in the business of compiling, analyzing, and marketing data. To accomplish its purposes, Data Analytics obtains financing, and hires and fires employees. Laws and government regulations affect such business activities as a. hiring and firing decisions . b. the manufacturing and marketing of products . c. business financing . d. all of the choices . ANSWER: D PAGE: 2 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B2. The U.S. Congress enacts a new federal statute that imposes liability on businesses hiring employees without verifying their citizenship status . This statute applies a. only to businesses not covered by state law. b. only to those states that consent to apply it . c. to all of the states. d. to none of the states. ANSWER: C PAGE: 4 TYPE: + BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Legal B3. A provision in the California state constitution conflicts with a provision in the U.S. Constitution. If challenged a. neither provision will be enforced. b. the provisions will be balanced to reach a compromise. c. the state provision, not the U.S. Constitution, will be enforced. d. the U.S. Constitution, not the state provision, will be enforced.

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    CHAPTER 1: LAW AND LEGAL REASONING 5 © 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. ANSWER: D PAGE: 4 TYPE: + BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Legal B4 . The Pennsylvania legislature enacts a state law that violates the U.S. Constitution. This law can be enforced by a. no one. b. the federal government only. c. the state of Pennsylvania only. d. the United States Supreme Court only. ANSWER: A PAGE: 4 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Legal B5 . The Bay City Planning Department, the Coastal County Zoning Commission, the Delaware Environmental Quality Agency, and the U.S. Bureau of Land Management issue regulations. These rules constitute a. administrative law. b. case law. c. stare decisis . d. statutory law. ANSWER: A PAGE: 5 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B6 . Charles is a federal judge whose judicial decisions are part of case law, which does not include interpretations of a. regulations created by administrative agencies. b. constitutional provisions. c. statutes enacted by legislatures. d. sound bites in the media. ANSWER: D PAGE: 5 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Legal B7 . Much of American law is based on a. the English legal system.

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    6 TEST BANK B — UNIT ONE: THE LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF BUSINESS © 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. b. the French legal system. c. Greek civil law. d. ancient Chinese law. ANSWER: A PAGE: 6 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Legal B8 . Bob’s Big Burgers n’ Shakes Restaurant brings a suit, seeking a remedy at law. A remedy at law is a. monetary damages. b. a decree of specific performance. c. a judicial proceeding for the resolution of a dispute. d. an injunction. ANSWER: A PAGE: 6 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B9 . Larry enters into a contract with Motivational Education Services to host a panel discussion at a sales conference. When the conference is postponed indefinitely, Larry asks a court to cancel the contract and return the parties to the positions that they held before its formation. This request involves a. specific performance. b. an injunction. c. rescission. d. an action that the court cannot order. ANSWER: C PAGE: 7 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Legal B10 . Maggie and Nate enter into a contract for the sale of a car, but Nate later refuses to deliver the car. Maggie asks a court to order Nate to perform as promised. Ordering a party to perform what was promised is a. specific performance. b. damages. c. rescission. d. beyond the court’s authority. ANSWER: A PAGE: 7 TYPE: N

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    CHAPTER 1: LAW AND LEGAL REASONING 7 © 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Decision Modeling B11 . Jane enters into a contract with Jill to provide 100 roses for a dinner party. Jill fails to deliver the roses. Jane initiates a suit against Jill, asking the court to order Jill to refund Jane’s payment. Jane is a. the plaintiff. b. the defendant. c. the binding authority. d. the persuasive authority. ANSWER: A PAGE: 7 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Legal B12 . Sara believes that she has a strong case against Tom for the breach of an employment contract. Despite this belief, Sara cannot file a suit against Tom after the expiration of the time allowed for the filing under a. a statute of limitations . b. the doctrine of laches . c. an equitable maxim . d. the remedy at law . ANSWER: A PAGE: 7 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Legal B13. In the case of Retail Sales Corp. v. Trucking Delivery Co. , the court may rule contrary to a precedent if the court decides that the precedent a. is incorrect or inapplicable. b. is not in line with the judge’s personal values. c. would lead to unintended consequences. d. would not bring about the result the judge prefers. ANSWER: A PAGE: 9 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Legal B14 . Karen is a judge hearing the case of Local Dispatch Co. v. National Transport Corp. Applying the relevant rule of law to the facts of the case requires Karen to find cases on point — previ ously decided cases that, in relation to the case under con sidera tion, are

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    8 TEST BANK B — UNIT ONE: THE LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF BUSINESS © 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. a. as different as possible. b. as similar as possible. c. at odds. d. exactly identical. ANSWER: B PAGE: 10 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Legal B15 . Juan is a judge. How Juan and the judges in other courts interpret a particular statute determines a. how that statute will be applied. b. how the law needs to be changed. c. how the common law should be codified. d. nothing. ANSWER: A PAGE: 11 TYPE: = BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Legal B16 . To Sam , the written law of a particular society at a particular time is most signifi cant. Sam is a a. legal positivist. b. person who adheres to the historical school of legal thought . c. legal realist. d. person who adheres to the natural law tradition. ANSWER: A PAGE: 12 TYPE: + BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B17 . Dave and Ellen enter into a contract via e - mail. When a dispute arises over the performance of the deal, Dave files a suit against Ellen. The emerging body of law that governs transactions conducted via the Internet is referred to by the term a. cyberlaw. b. civil law. c. equitable maxims. d. IRAC.

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    CHAPTER 1: LAW AND LEGAL REASONING 9 © 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. ANSWER: A PAGE: 13 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B18 . Beth is a victim of Carl’s violation of a criminal law. Criminal law is con cerned with a. the prosecution of private individuals by other private individuals. b. the prosecution of public officials by private individuals. c. the relief available when a person’s rights are violated. d. wrongs committed against the public as a whole. ANSWER: D PAGE: 13 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Research B19 . The Nebraska Supreme Court issues an opinion that can be found at 285 Neb. 88, 825 N.W.2d 429. “285” is a. the number of the volume in the official reports of the court’s decisions . b. the number of the volume in Thomson Reuter’s unofficial publication of the court’s decisions . c. a page number in the appropriate volume . d. the number of the case in the sequence decided by the state’s highest court . ANSWER: A PAGE: 17 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Research B20 . Operational Processes, Inc., appeals a decision against it, in favor of Precision Manufacturing Corporation, from a lower court to a higher court. Operational Processes is a. the appellant. b. the appellee. c. the defendant. d. the respondent. ANSWER: A PAGE: 20 TYPE: + BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Legal

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    10 TEST BANK B — UNIT ONE: THE LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF BUSINESS © 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. ESSAY QUESTIONS B1. In a lawsuit between Cloud Computing Corporation and Digital Enterprises , Inc., the court applies the doctrine of stare decisis . What is this doctrine? What does this doctrine have to do with the American legal system ? ANSWER: In a common law legal system, past judicial decisions are binding in current disputes with similar facts. This feature of the com mon law, which is the basis of the American legal system, is unique be cause, unlike the law in other legal systems, it is judge - made law. Within the common law system, when possible, judges attempt to be con sistent and to base their decisions on the principles suggested by earlier cases. The body of principles and doctrines that form the common law emerged over time as judges applied the principles announced in earlier cases to subsequent legal controversies. The practice of deciding cases with refer ence to former decisions, or precedents — the cornerstone of the American legal system — is called the doctrine of stare decisis . Under this doctrine, judges are obligated to follow the precedents established within their ju risdictions. This helps courts to be more efficient and makes the law more stable and predictable. PAGES: 8 – 10 TYPE: = BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking B2. For a business law class, Sierra reads and briefs several court opinions using the IRAC method of legal reasoning. What do the letters I, R, A, and C abbreviate? What are the steps in the IRAC method? ANSWER: The letters I, R, A, and C are the first letters of “Issue,” “Rule,” “ Application ,” and “ Conclusion .” The IRAC method of legal reasoning requires Sierra or any other student or reader to first summarize the important facts of a legal case and state the salient issue or issues. The second step is to de termine and set out the rule of law that applies to the facts to resolve the issue. The third step is to apply that rule to those facts. The application of the rule requires an answer to the question posed by the issue. This answer may involve one or more different types of legal reasoning, but those reasons should be thought out and expressed clearly. Finally, the conclusion derived from the application of the rule to the facts is stated. This is sometimes referred to as the result or the outcome in a case — who won ; who lost ; what the award, if any, consists of ; or what the parties are, or are not, required to do next.

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    CHAPTER 1: LAW AND LEGAL REASONING 11 © 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. PAGES: 9 – 10 TYPE: = BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Legal

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    1 © 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Appendix A for Unit One Questions on the Features N.B.: TYPE indicates that a question is new, modified, or unchanged, as follows. N A question new to this edition of the Test Bank. + A question modified from the previous edition of the Test Bank. = A question included in the previous edition of the Test Bank. CHAPTER 3 — INSIGHT INTO SOCIAL MEDIA: TO TWEET OR NOT TO TWEET INSIDE THE COURTROOM B 1. Ginger and Holly are journalists in a courtroom hearing a case. The judge instructs them not to use social media until the court is adjourned . Despite this instruction, during the trial Ginger and Holly tweet play - by - play commentary for the public as events unfold . Possible sanctions that the judge might impose include a. fines and imprisonment . b. fines but not imprisonment . c. imprisonment but not fines . d. none of the choices . ANSWER: A PAGE: 64 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Legal CHAPTER 4 — INSIGHT INTO E - COMMERCE: DO COMPUTERS HAVE FREE SPEECH RIGHTS?

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    2 TEST BANK B — UNIT ONE: THE LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF BUSINESS © 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. B 2. FastBreak Inc. is dissatisfied with its ranking in Google Inc.’s search results. FastBreak files a suit against Google, seeking an injunction. Google argues that its search results are constitutionally protected speech. FastBreak’s best argument against Google’s position is that a. the First Amendment protects humans against state censorship and protecting a computer’s speech is not related to that purpose . b. the trillions of decisions made by computers each day do not all constitute protected speech . c. computerized algorithm s, which generate computer language, do not constitute speech . d. search results constitute commercial speech , for which the First Amendment provides only limited protection . ANSWER: A PAGE: 81 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB - Legal CHAPTER 5 — INSIGHT INTO THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT: BRIBERY AND THE FOREIGN CORRUPT PRACTICES ACT B3 . Mexican employees of Farmacos Ltd., a subsidiary of Global Pharmaceuticals , Inc., a U.S. firm, offer cash and gifts to regional Mexican government officials to obtain their approval of favorable contracts. Steps that company managers might take to end the practice and to influence other employees not to engage in similar conduct include a. termination of the employees who offered the bribes . b. mandatory antibribery training for all employees . c. audit of company expenses to expose illegal and unethical payments . d. all of the choices . ANSWER: D PAGE: 109 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Ethics AICPA: BB - Critical Thinking UNIT ONE — FOCUS ON LEGAL ETHICS: ETHICS AND THE LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF BUSINESS B 4 . Energy Resources Company develops its marketing strategies in terms of what its management perceives as its ethical obligations, which represent its

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