QQuestionCultural Studies
QuestionCultural Studies
2.1 Mention and explain three factors which in your opinion have hindered White people in
general from acquiring an African language and/or which led Black people to acquire English
or Afrikaans.
(6)
2.2 When borrowed words are accommodated in an African language, the sound sequences
have to be adapted. Explain what is meant by this statement and support your answer by
referring to a suitable example of such a borrowed word in your African language.
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Answer
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Step 1:Q^2.1: Factor 1: Historical and Social Segregation
Apartheid and colonial policies enforced social and educational separation, limiting opportunities for White people to learn African languages while promoting English and Afrikaans for Black people.
Step 2:Q^2.1: Factor 2: Perceived Socioeconomic Value
English and Afrikaans were associated with higher status, education, and job opportunities, motivating Black people to learn them, while White people saw little practical benefit in learning African languages.
Step 3:Q^2.1: Factor 3: Institutional Language Policies
Schools and government institutions prioritized English and Afrikaans, making them compulsory for Black learners but not requiring African languages for White learners.
Q^2.1: Final Answer
Historical segregation, socioeconomic incentives, and institutional policies hindered White people from acquiring African languages and encouraged Black people to learn English or Afrikaans.
Step 5:Q^2.2: Explanation of Sound Sequence Adaptation
When words are borrowed into an African language, their pronunciation is changed to fit the language's allowed sound patterns, often by adjusting or replacing unfamiliar sounds.
Step 6:Q^2.2: Example: 'school' in isiZulu
school \rightarrow isikole
The English word 'school' is adapted as 'isikole' in isiZulu, adding vowels and changing consonant clusters to match isiZulu phonology.
Q^2.2: Final Answer
Borrowed words are adapted to fit African language sound rules, as shown by 'school' becoming 'isikole' in isiZulu.
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