2022-2023 HESI Fundamentals of Nursing Practice Exam With Answers (163 Solved Questions)

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HESI 102 HESI Fundamentals Practice Test BExamQuestions and Answers Latest Update 2022-2023-Whatistherationaleforusingthenursingprocessinplanningcareforclients?A.As a scientific process to identify nursing diagnoses of a clients' healthcareproblems.B.Toestablishnursingtheorythatincorporatesthebiopsychosocialnatureofhumans.C.Asatooltoorganizethinkingandclinicaldecisionmakingaboutclients'healthcare needs.D.Topromotethemanagementofclientcareincollaborationwithotherhealthcareprofessionals.(ANS-:C)Whatactivityshouldthenurse useintheevaluation phase ofthenursingprocess?A.Askaclienttoevaluatethenursingcareprovided.B.Document thenursingcareplanintheprogressnotes.C.Determinewhetheraclient'shealthproblemshavebeenalleviated.D.Examinetheeffectivenessofnursinginterventionstowardmeetingclientoutcomes.(ANS-: DWhichstatement isanexampleofacorrectlywrittennursingdiagnosisstatement?

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A.Altered tissue perfusion related to congestive heart failure.B.Alteredurinaryeliminationrelatedtourinarytractinfection.C.Riskforimpairedtissueintegrityrelatedtoclient'srefusaltoturn.D.Ineffectivecopingrelatedtoresponsetopositivebiopsytestresults.(ANS-:DWhat action by the nurse demonstrates culturally sensitive care?A.Askspermission beforetouching aclient.B.Avoidsquestionsaboutmale-femalerelationships.C.ExplainsthedifferencesbetweenWesternmedicalcareandculturalfolkremedies.D.AppliesknowledgeofaculturalgroupunlessaclientembracesWesterncustoms.(ANS-:AA nurse is becoming increasinglyfrustrated by the family members' efforts toparticipate in the care of a hospitalized client. What action should the nurseimplementto copewith thesefeelingsof frustration?A.Suggestthatothercultural practicesbesubstitutedbythefamilymembers.B.Examineone'sownculturallybasedvalues,beliefs,attitudes,andpractices.C.Explaintothefamilythatmultiple visitorsareexhaustingtotheclient.

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D.Allow the situation to continue until a family member's action may harm theclient. (ANS-: BWhichtechniqueismostimportantforthenursetoimplementwhenperformingaphysicalassessment?A.Ahead-to-toeapproach.B.Themedical systemsmodel.C.Aconsistent,systematicapproach.D.Anapproachrelatedtoanursingmodel.(ANS-:CA 73-year-old Hispanic clientis seen at the community health clinic with a historyofproteinmalnutrition.Whatinformationshouldthenurseobtainfirst?A.Amountofliquidprotein supplementsconsumeddaily.B.Foodsandliquidsconsumedduringthepast24hours.C.Usualweeklyintakeofmilkproductsandredmeats.D.Grainsandlegumecombinationsusedbytheclient.(ANS-:BThenurseformulatesthenursingdiagnosisof,"Ineffectivehealthmaintenancerelated to lack of motivation" for a client withType 2 diabetes. Which findingsupportsthis nursingdiagnosis?A.Doesnotcheckcapillarybloodglucoseasdirected.

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B.Occasionally forgets to take daily prescribed medication.C.Cannot identify signs or symptoms of high and low blood glucose.D.Eats anything and does not think diet makes a difference in health.(ANS: DWhich statement correctly identifies a written learning objective for a client withperipheral vascular disease?A.The nurse will provide client instruction for daily foot care.B.The client will demonstrate proper trimming toenail technique.C.Upon discharge, the client will list three ways to protect the feet from injury.

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D.After instruction, the nurse will ensure the client understands foot care rationale.(ANS-: CA middle-aged woman who enjoys being a teacher and mentor feels that she shouldpass down her legacy of knowledge and skills to the younger generation.According to Erikson, she is involved in what developmental stage? A.Generativity.B.Ego integrity.C.Identification.D.Valuing wisdom(ANS-: AWhich statement best describes durable power of attorney for health care?A.The client signs a document that designates another person to make legally bindinghealthcare decisions if client is unable to do so.B.The healthcare decisions made by another person designated by the client are notlegally binding.C.Instructions about actions to be taken in the event of a client's terminal orirreversible condition are not legally binding.D.Directions regarding care in the event of a terminal or irreversible condition mustbe documented to ensure that they are legally binding.(ANS- A

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A male client with an infected wound tells the nurse that he follows a macrobioticdiet. Which type of foods should the nurse recommend that the client select fromthe hospital menu?A.Low fat and low sodium foods.B.Combination of plant proteins to provide essential amino acids.C.Limited complex carbohydrates and fiber.D.Increased amount of vitamin C and beta carotene rich foods.(ANS-: BA client with Raynaud's disease asksthe nurse about using biofeedback forselfmanagementofsymptoms.Whatresponseisbestforthenursetoprovide?A.Theresponsestobiofeedbackhavenotbeenwellestablishedandmaybeawasteoftimeandmoney.B.Biofeedbackrequiresextensivetrainingtoretrainvoluntarymuscles,notinvoluntaryresponses.C.Althoughbiofeedbackiseasilylearned,itismostlyoftenusedtomanageexacerbation of symptoms.D.Biofeedbackallowstheclienttocontrolinvoluntaryresponsestopromoteperipheralvasodilation.(ANS-:D

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A female client informs the nurse that she uses herbal therapies to supplement herdiet and manage common ailments. What information should the nurse offer theclient about general use of herbal supplements?

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A.Most herbs are toxic or carcinogenic and should be used only when proveneffective.B.There is no evidence that herbs are safe or effective as compared to conventionalsupplements in maintaining health.C.Herbs should be obtained from manufacturers with a history of quality control oftheir supplements.D.Herbal therapies may mask the symptoms of serious disease, so frequent medicalevaluation is required during use.(ANS: CA female client who has breast cancer with metastasis to the liver and spine isadmitted with constant, severe pain despite around-the-clock use of oxycodone(Percodan) and amitriptyline (Elavil) for pain control at home. During theadmission assessment, which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?A.Sensory pattern, area, intensity, and nature of the pain.B.Trigger points identified by palpation and manual pressure of painful areas.C.Schedule and total dosages of drugs currently used for breakthrough pain.D.Sympathetic responses consistent with onset of acute pain.(ANS-: AA client who has moderate, persistent, chronic neuropathic pain due to diabeticneuropathy takes gabapentin (Neurontin) and ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) daily. If

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Step 2 of the World Health Organization (WHO) pain relief ladder is prescribed,which drug protocol should be implemented? A. Continue gabapentin.B.Discontinue ibuprofen.

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C.Addaspirintotheprotocol.D.Add oral methadone to the protocol.(ANS-CorrectAnswer:AToobtainthemostcompleteassessmentdataforaclientwithchronicpain,whichinformationshould the nurseobtain?A.Canyoudescribewhereyourpain isthemostsevere?B.Whatisyourpainintensityona scale of1to10?C.Isyourpain bestdescribed asaching,throbbing,orsharp?D.Whichactivitiesduringaroutinedayareimpactedbyyourpain?(ANS-CorrectAnswer: DA male client with acquiredimmunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) developscryptococcalmeningitisandtellsthenursehedoesnotwanttoberesuscitatedifhis breathing stops. What actionshould the nurse implement? A. Document theclient'srequest in the medicalrecord.B.Ask theclient ifthisdecisionhasbeen discussedwithhis healthcareprovider. C.Inform the client that a written, notarized advance directive, is required to withholdresuscitation efforts.D.Advise theclienttodesignate apersontomakehealthcaredecisionswhentheclientisunableto do so.(ANS-Advance directivesare written statements of a person's wishes regarding

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medical care, and verbal directives may be given to a healthcare provider withspecific instructions in the presence of two witnesses. To obtain this prescription,the client should discuss his choice with the healthcare provider (B). (A) isinsufficient to implement the client's request without legal consequences. Although

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(CandD)providelegalprotectionoftheclient'swishes,thepresentrequest needsadditionalaction.CorrectAnswer:BThe nurse is discussing dietary preferences with a client who adheres to a vegandiet.Whichdietarysupplement shouldthenurseencouragetheclienttoincludethedietaryplan?A. Fiber.B.Folate.C.Ascorbicacid.D.VitaminB12.(ANS-: DThe nurse is preparing a male client who has an indwelling catheter and an IVinfusiontoambulatefromthebedtoachairforthefirst timefollowingabdominalsurgery. What action(s) should the nurse implement prior to assisting the client tothechair?(Selectall that apply.)A.Pre-medicatetheclientwithananalgesic.B.Informtheclientoftheplanformovingtothechair.C.Obtainandplacea portablecommode bythe bed.D.AsktheclienttopushtheIVpoletothechair.E.Clamptheindwellingcatheter.

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F.Assess the client's blood pressure.(ANS- The nurse should plan to implement (A, B, D, and F). Pre-medicating theclient with an analgesic (A) reduces the client's pain during mobilization andmaximizes compliance. To ensure the client's cooperation and promoteindependence, the nurse should inform the client about the plan for moving to the

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chair (B) andencourage the client to participate by pushing the IV pole whenwalking to the chair (D). The nurse should assess the client's blood pressure (F)priortomobilization,whichcancauseorthostatichypotension.(CandE)arenotindicated.CorrectAnswer:A, B,D, FA client is demonstratinga positive Chvostek's sign. What action should the nursetake?A.Observetheclient'spupilsize andresponse tolight.B.Asktheclientaboutnumbnessortinglinginthehands.C.Assesstheclient'sserumpotassiumlevel.D.Restrictdietaryintakeofcalcium-richfoods.(ANS-A positive Chvostek's sign is an indication of hypocalcemia, so the clientshouldbeassessedforthesubjectivesymptomsofhypocalcemia,suchasnumbness or tinglingof the hands (B) or feet. (Aand C) are unrelated assessment

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data. (D) is contraindicated because the client is hypocalcemic and needs additionaldietary calcium.Correct Answer: B

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