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Advanced Plate Tectonics, Logic, Radioactivity, and Probability: A Comprehensive Analysis

A detailed examination of advanced plate tectonics, radioactivity, and probability theory.

Emma Thompson
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Advanced Plate Tectonics, Logic, Radioactivity, and Probability: AComprehensive AnalysisShow all of your work. Maximum possible points: 501.Plate Tectonics(8 pts)A new chain of islands is discovered, with a high frequency of volcanic activity. Fourhypotheses are proposed to explain the cause of the volcanic activity.H1: The islands are found on a convergent boundary.H2: The islands are found on a divergent boundary.H3: The islands are found on a transform boundary.H4: The islands are found on a hotspot.a.(2 pts)Which of the four hypotheses could be ruled out immediately as thecause of the volcanic activity? Why?The hypothesis that could be ruled out immediately isH3: The islands are found on a transformboundary.Transform boundaries are characterized by plates sliding past each other horizontally. These boundariesdo not typically generate volcanic activity since there is no subduction (where oneplate is forced belowanother) or magma generation associated with them. The lack of convergence or divergence means thatvolcanic activity is unlikely to occur along transform boundaries.b.(6 pts)For each of the other three hypotheses, find one other piece of physicalevidence(earthquake,elevation, volcanic,age of ocean floor, or other) thatcould be used as evidence to support the hypothesis above the remaininghypotheses. Explain your answers.•H1: The islands are found on a convergent boundary.Evidence:Earthquake activity and deepocean trenches.oAt convergent boundaries, one tectonic plate is forced under another, leading tosubduction zones. These subduction zones generate frequent and sometimes deepearthquakes. Additionally, the formation of deep ocean trenches is a characteristicfeature of convergent boundaries. These features could be used to support thehypothesis that the volcanic activity is occurring along a convergent boundary.

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Geology

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