Exploring Lifespan Development, 4th Edition Class Notes

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1CHAPTER 1HISTORY, THEORY, AND RESEARCH STRATEGIESCHAPTER-AT-A-GLANCEChapter OutlineInstruction IdeasSupplementsA Scientific, Applied, and InterdisciplinaryField p.3Learning Objective 1.1Test Bank Items 1–3(Please contact your Pearson salesrepresentative for a wide range of videoofferings available to adopters.)Basic Issues pp.3–5Continuous or Discontinuous Development? •One Course of Development or Many? •Relative Influence of Nature and Nurture?Learning Objective 1.2Learning Activity 1.1Test Bank Items 4–12,121The Lifespan Perspective: A BalancedPoint of View pp.5–9Development Is Lifelong • Development IsMultidimensional and Multidirectional•Development Is Plastic • Development IsInfluenced by Multiple, Interacting ForcesLearning Objective 1.3Lecture Enhancement 1.1Learning Activities 1.2, 1.3Ask Yourself p.9Test Bank Items 13–23Scientific Beginnings pp.9–11Darwin: Forefather of Scientific Child Study •The Normative Period • The Mental TestingMovementLearning Objective 1.4Learning Activity 1.2Test Bank Items 24–29, 122Mid-Twentieth-Century Theories pp.11–15The Psychoanalytic Perspective • Behaviorismand Social Learning Theory • Piaget’sCognitive-Developmental TheoryLearning Objective 1.5Learning Activities 1.2, 1.4Ask Yourself p.15Test Bank Items 30–51, 123Recent Theoretical Perspectives pp.16–21Information Processing • DevelopmentalNeuroscience • Ethology and EvolutionaryDevelopmental Psychology • Vygotsky’sSociocultural Theory • Ecological SystemsTheoryLearning Objective 1.6Learning Activities 1.2, 1.4, 1.5Ask Yourself p.21Test Bank Items 52–68, 124Comparing Theories p.21Learning Objective 1.7Learning Activities 1.2, 1.4Test Bank Items69, 71Studying Development pp.21–31Common Research Methods • GeneralResearch Designs • Designs for StudyingDevelopmentLearning Objectives 1.8–1.10Lecture Enhancement 1.2Learning Activities 1.6, 1.7Ask Yourself pp.25, 31Test Bank Items 70, 72–117, 125–126Ethics in Lifespan Research pp.31–32Learning Objective 1.11Test Bank Items 118–120BRIEF CHAPTER SUMMARYDevelopmental science is an interdisciplinary field of study devoted to understanding constancy and change throughout thelifespan.All investigators who study developmentshare a single goal:to identify those factors that influence consistencies andtransformations in people from conception to death.Theories of human development take a stance on three basic issues: (1) Is the course of development continuous ordiscontinuous? (2) Does one course of development characterize all people, or are there many possible courses? (3) What arethe roles of nature and nurture in development? The lifespan perspective assumes that development is (1) lifelong,(2) multidimensional and multidirectional, (3) highly plastic, and (4) affected by multiple, interacting forces.

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