Nclex Gastrointestinal System Disorders Exam

NCLEX-style exam on gastrointestinal system disorders with verified solutions—focuses on GERD-related chronic cough and its link to aspiration, with rationale and analysis of differential options.

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Nclex Gastrointestinal System Disorders Exam withverified solutionThe client with GERD complains of a chronic cough. The nurse understands thatina clientwithGERD thissymptom may be indicative of which of thefollowingconditions?]A. Development of laryngeal cancer.iB.Irritation of the esophagus.iC. Esophageal scar tissue formation.•]D. Aspiration of gastric contents.Answer: D. Aspiration of gastric contentsClients with GERD can develop pulmonary symptoms such as coughing, wheezing,anddyspnea that arecaused by the aspiration of gastric contents. It is frequently thought that GERD plays a big role inchronic cough: there are reports that25% ormore of chronic cough cases are associated with GERD.Option A: GERDdoes not predispose the client to the development of laryngeal cancer. Themost intuitive theory is called the reflux theory, whereby reflux rises above the esophagus andupper esophageal sphincter, resulting in microaspiration as microdroplets landinthe larynx oroccasionally enter the bronchia tree, directly causing cough as a protective mechanismagainstreflux.Option B:Irritation of the esophagus can deve op as a result of GERD. However, GERD is morelikely to cause painful and difficult swallowing. In the reflex theory, because of the commonembryologic origin of the respiratory tract and the digestive tract, a little bit ofreflux,intheesophagus can lead to an esophagobronchial reflex that causes cough.Option C:Esophageal scar tissue formation can develop as a result of GERD.GERD occurs inapproximately 20K of Americans, and chronic cough is a very common problem, which patients

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