Solution Manual For Managing, Controlling, and Improving Quality, 1st Edition

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CHAPTER1Introduction to QualityLearning ObjectivesAfter completing this chapter you should be able to:1.Define and discuss quality and quality improvement2.Discuss the different dimensions of quality3.Discuss the evolution of modern qualityimprovement methods4.Discuss the role that variability and statistical methods play in controlling and improving quality5.Explain the links between quality and productivity and between quality and cost6.Discuss product liabilityImportant Terms and ConceptsAcceptance-samplingAppraisal costsCritical-to-quality (CTQ)Dimensions of qualityFitness for useInternal and external failurecostsNonconforming product orservicePrevention costsProduct liabilityQuality assuranceQualitycharacteristicsQuality control andimprovementQuality engineeringQuality of conformanceQuality of designQuality planningSpecificationsVariabilityExercises1.1.Why is it difficult to define quality?Even the American Society for Quality describes “quality” as a subjective term for which each person orsector has its own definition.Given a large set of customers considering purchasing the same product orservice, it is likely that each customerevaluates itin terms of a completely different set of desirablecharacteristics.As a result, it is extremely difficult to come up with a single definition of quality that couldmeet the expectations of allcustomers for all products or services.(For further details refer to page 2)1.7.What are the three primary technical tools used for quality control and improvement?The three primary statistical technical tools include:statistical process control,design of experiments,andacceptance-sampling.1.10.Discuss the statement“Quality is the responsibility of the quality department.”The responsibility for quality spans the entire organization. Quality improvement must be a total,company-wide activity, and that every organizational unitmustactively participate.Because qualityimprovement activities are so broad, successful efforts require, as an initial step, senior management

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