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Liberty University INFT 101 Placement Test - English

A comprehensive placement test for INFT 101, assessing English proficiency with complete solutions.

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    Liberty University INFT 101 Placement Test - English Correct Answers Questions 2 - 11. Read each sentence and find the error in academic or formal English in each. There is no more than one error in each sentence. Remember that academic or formal English is the kind of English you are usually asked to write in class; sometimes there is a difference between the way we write something and the way we say the same thing. Neither the scientist or her research assistant expect to encounter any difficulty in obtaining funds for the project. When we arrived in Montreal, we learned that a jazz festival had just began there. Because Maria had ran so fast during the first part of the race, she was beginning to tire by the time she reached the steep grade in the middle of the course. When the leaders of the American Revolution sought foreign help, they logically turned to France and Spain, and both countries responded favorable . Elizabeth Gaskell's nineteenth - century novel North and South draws an extended contrast between the attractive southern countryside of Britain with the grimy factory towns in the north. Because the bamboo plant on which the panda feeds is now scarce , naturalists are worried about their chances of survival. After hearing Smith's surprising report, Detective Meng began to inspect that the witness had been lying . Among the nonfictional works of James Baldwin are two volumes of essays that explore the relationship between black intellectuals with Like an iceberg , the Portuguese man - of - war conceals its most longest and most dangerous parts beneath the surface of the sea. Shoppers hunting for low prices will be able to find them at this sale; however, he or she should do some comparison shopping first in order to recognize the true bargains. Questions 13 - 18. Select the best version of the underlined part of the sentence. Choice (A) is the same as the original sentence. If you think the original sentence is best, choose answer (A). Select the best wording of the underlined part of the sentence. If you think the original sentence is best, choose answer A Martina Arroya, like Leontyne Price, are celebrated for opera singing . are celebrated for opera singing is a celebrated opera singer is a celebrated singer for doing opera are opera singers and celebrated for doing so Because of the water shortage, the governor encouraged consumers to conserve the available supply. Because of the water shortage, the Due to having a water shortage, the Because of the water shortage was why the

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    Due to the water shortage which was why the Culture consists of all learned information and it is transmitted by generation to generation. and it is transmitted by that is transmitted from being transmitted by that they have transmitted from As students who commute to campus, we feel that you should be excused from class when the weather makes it hazardous for us to drive. you should be excused we should be excused those should be excused they should excuse us If he would know about the seminar, Rafael would not have called the meeting of the Hispanic Students' Union for the same evening. If he would know Not knowing Inasmuch as he did not know If he had known The polarization of the Earth is not fixed; in fact, the north and south magnetic poles which have exchanged positions five times over the last two million years. poles which have exchanged positions poles have exchanged positions poles, exchanging positions poles, their positions exchanged Questions 20 and 21. These questions are designed to test your reading comprehension skills on a basic and more advanced level. Read the passages below and mark the letter of the most correct answer. There are no trick questions. A free market describes a market without economic intervention and regulation by government except to regulate against force or fraud. The terminology is used by economists and in popular culture. A free market requires protection of property rights, but no regulation, no subsidization, no single monetary system, and no governmental monopolies. It is the opposite of a controlled market, where the government regulates prices or how property is used. The theory holds that within the ideal free market, property rights are voluntarily

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    exchanged at a price arranged solely by the mutual consent of sellers and buyers. By definition, buyers and sellers do not coerce each other, in the sense that they obtain each other's property rights without the use of physical force, threat of physical force, or fraud, nor are they coerced by a third party (such as by government via transfer payments) and they engage in trade simply because they both consent and believe that what they are getting is worth more than or as much as what they give up. Price i s the result of buying and selling decisions en masse as described by the law of supply and demand. Free market economics is closely associated with laissez - faire economic philosophy, which advocates approximating this condition in the real world by mostly confining government intervention in economic matters to regulating against force and fraud among market participants. Some free market advocates oppose taxation as well, claiming that the market is more efficient at providing all valuable services of which defense and law are no exception, that such services can be provided without direct taxation and that consent would be the basis of political legitimacy making it a morally consistent system. Which of these terms or ideas do you NOT need to understand ahead of time to be able to comprehend the meaning of this passage? Government intervention Supply and demand Free market economics Force and fraud Which of these principles or beliefs underlies free market economic philosophy? The belief that buyers and sellers are best equipped to decide among themselves about what is fair and equitable The principle that taxation is unfair to citizens because it requires people to pay for services that are used by others The principle that governments are not to be trusted to handle their citizens' economic transactions The belief that all citizens should have equal rights in areas such as voting Questions 23 and 24. These questions are designed to test your reading comprehension skills on a basic and more advanced level. Read the passages below and mark the letter of the most correct answer. There are no trick questions. Romans 7:14 - 25 : "14 We know that the law is spiritual; but I am unspiritual, sold as a slave to sin. 15 I do not understand what I do. For what I want to do I do not do, but what I hate I do. 16 And if I do what I do not want to do, I agree that the law is good. 17 As it is, it is no longer I myself who do it, but it is sin living in me. 18 I know that nothing good lives in me, that is, in my sinful nature. For I have the desire to do what is good, but I cannot carry it out. 19 For what I do is not the good I want to do; no, the evil I do not want to do — this I keep on doing. 20 Now if I do what I do

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    not want to do, it is no longer I who do it, but it is sin living in me that does it. 21 So I find this law at work: When I want to do good, evil is right there with me. 22 For in my inner being I delight in God's law; 23 but I see another law at work in the members of my body, waging war against the law of my mind and making me a prisoner of the law of sin at work within my members. 24 What a wretched man I am! Who will rescue me from this body of death? 25 Thanks be to God — through Jesus Christ our Lord! So then, I myself in my mind am a slave to God's law, but in the sinful nature a slave to the law of sin." Which of these terms best describes Paul's mental state as he portrays it here? He is dealing with a lot of unresolved anger. He feels very guilty about a sin he has committed recently. He feels that he is divided against himself. He is upset because he has low self - esteem. Why is Paul so frustrated? He wants to do good, but he keeps on doing evil. He feels stifled by the law. Following God has turned out to be very difficult for him. He is dying, and he feels like a prisoner in his body. Read the paragraph below to answer the following four questions. The foreboding city of Baghdad brings chills of fear that are only penetrated by its transcendent sunsets. The rocky ground just beneath the barrel of my rigid M240B machine gun is carefully scanned for explosives. Just beyond the rocks is the desolate road which mocks my worries by providing the enemy a valued avenue of approach. The brisk draft runs farther down my spine as I hear the eerie prayers shouted from rooftop to rooftop. The hateful noise belongs to the cloaked black figures bowing in unison. In the distance, beyond the menace, an exquisite array of colors pierces my doubts. Finally, my chill is warmed by an orange sun falling slowly out of sight. The clouds dance just above the sun. They remind me of the joy provided by my salvation. It is then I realize, even in the valley of the shadow of death I find peace; the hand of God has painted a magnificent sunset just for me. What is the vantage point of the author in the passage? On the ground Standing behind a wall On a rooftop above the city In the barracks

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    Which sentence best uses tone to create an appropriate and highly effective picture of the author’s attitude towards his surroundings? They remind me of the joy provided by my salvation. The hateful noise belongs to the cloaked black figures bowing in unison. It is then I realize, even in the valley of the shadow of death I find peace; the hand of God has painted a magnificent sunset just for me. The rocky ground just beneath the barrel of my rigid M240B machine gun is carefully scanned for explosives. Identify the topic sentence of the paragraph: It is then I realize, even in the valley of the shadow of death I find peace; the hand of God has painted a magnificent sunset just for me. The brisk draft runs farther down my spine as I hear the eerie prayers shouted from rooftop to rooftop. The foreboding city of Baghdad brings chills of fear that are only penetrated by its transcendent sunsets. In the distance, beyond the menace, an exquisite array of colors pierces my doubts. Which sentence uses specific and detailed vocabulary to convey the theme? Just beyond the rocks is the desolate road which mocks my worries by providing the enemy a valued avenue of approach. The hateful noise belongs to the cloaked black figures bowing in unison. Finally, my chill is warmed by an orange sun falling slowly out of sight. The foreboding city of Baghdad brings chills of fear that are only penetrated by its transcendent sunsets. Refer to the paragraph below in order to answer the following four questions. In censorship, silence is not always golden. The word "censorship” means to silence, limit, or repress information, whether in the media, through music, artistic expression, political, social, theological, or educational information, not within the norms o f a particular mode of thought concerning those particular standards that they each support. Rather, it is the control of information showing itself in the form of a boycott, embargo, injunction, restriction, and last but not least, “silence.” Censorship i s not permission, a green light, nor an allowance of complete self - expression. In today’s world, the computer’s phrases: “to delete”, “empty recycle bin” or even “erase from the hard drive” could mean censorship. Sometimes people confuse censorship with th e thought of limiting it to only a couple of types or that censorship is always valid or deserving. Others think it only comes through a dictatorship type of government. A few examples would be a court - imposed gag order: a judicial judge signs a paper to p ut a hush order on the media, regarding

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    information that can compromise a case. Still another example, would be by taking the 5th Amendment, individuals can choose to remain silent because the information may only serve to incriminate them. Consequently, it also seems a means of protection for t hem. Churches have their own laws and standards, some of which in ancient Biblical times even silenced women (1 Timothy 2: 11 - 14). In censorship, silence is not always golden, even secrets between friends can be a form of voluntary censorship, or not! In the passage, which of the following would not be a clear example of a supporting detail? A few examples would be a court - imposed gag order: a judicial judge signs a paper to put a hush order on the media, regarding information that can compromise a case. Sometimes people confuse censorship with the thought of limiting it to only a couple of types or that censorship is always valid or deserving. Still another example, would be by taking the 5th Amendment, individuals can choose to remain silent because the information may only serve to incriminate them. Others think it only comes through a dictatorship type of government. How could the following sentence’s redundant language be best corrected? Sentence: Censorship is not permission, a green light, nor an allowance of complete self - expression. Censorship is not permission or a green light, nor an allowance of complete self - expression. Censorship is not a green light, nor an allowance of complete self - expression. Censorship is not permission, nor an allowance of complete self - expression. Censorship is not an allowance of complete self - expression. How could the author achieve more credibility in this passage? By addressing the audience using second person point of view By using sources to support his/her main claims By providing more details regarding the definition of censorship By adding personal experiences Which sentence’s tone and idea strays furthest from the point’s main argument? The word "censorship” means to silence, limit, or repress information. Churches have their own laws and standards, some of which in ancient Biblical times even silenced women (1 Timothy 2: 11 - 14). Censorship is not permission, a green light, nor an allowance of complete self - expression. Rather, it is the control of information showing itself in the form of a boycott, embargo, injunction, restriction, and last but not least, ‘silence’. Read the paragraph below to answer the following four questions: The wedding process is often trying; however, during my wedding planning, the easiest and most essential aspect was choosing my gown. As soon as my husband proposed, I

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    began purchasing wedding magazines for ideas, but most importantly, I used the magazines in search of dress options. I narrowed my options down to local stores, which had gowns closest to my style. Because department - sized wedding shops can be intimidating, I made an appointment at a small, bridal boutique. I was allowed to choose six gowns to take to the fitting room. In most bridal stores, the dresses are larger than the average woman’s size; therefore, I had a difficult time envisioning myself wearing most that I had chosen to try on. Yet, the first one I picked was similar to all the dresses I envied in the magazines. I put this dress on and knew it had to be mine. I saw no purpose in continuing with my search. It was evident that I had found the perfect gown for my wedding. The preparation for a wedding can be difficult at times; yet, I found the perfect dress to ensure a key element of my wedding day. Which of the following details could the author have omitted because the information within the sentence is not relevant? Because department - sized wedding shops can be intimidating, I made an appointment at a small, bridal boutique. I was allowed to choose six gowns to take to the fitting room. Yet, the first one I picked was similar to all the dresses I envied in the magazines. All of the details are significant and should remain in the paragraph. The author chose six dresses for the fitting room, but she bought the first dress she tried on. What might the author’s purpose be in providing these details? To explain the dress - fitting policies in bridal boutiques. To prove how easy wedding dress shopping should be for all brides. To describe the overwhelming task of dress shopping. To emphasize how quickly she found the perfect dress. In this excerpt from the passage, which of the following clauses are dependent: (1)The wedding process is often trying; however, during my wedding planning, the easiest and most essential aspect was choosing my gown. (2)As soon as my husband proposed, (3)I began purchasing wedding magazines for ideas, but most importantly, I used the magazines in search of dre ss options. (4)I narrowed my options down to local stores, (5)which had gowns closest to my style. (6)Because department - sized wedding shops can be intimidating, (7)I made an appointment at a small, bridal boutique. (8)I was allowed to choose six gowns to take to the fitting room. 1, 2, 3, and 5 1, 4, and 5 2, 5, and 6 5, 6, 7 and 8 From the Narrative passage, rewrite this sentence so it is using specific and detailed vocabulary. Sentence: In most bridal stores, the dresses are larger than the average woman’s size; therefore, I had a difficult time envisioning myself wearing most that I had chosen to try on.

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    Many bridal stores have designer gowns that are larger than the average woman’s size; therefore, as I tried dresses on, it was difficult to picture myself wearing many of the gowns I chose. Bridal stores have a lot of dresses that are bigger than most women’s sizes and are therefore difficult to picture yourself wearing them because they are not my size. It was difficult when I tried them on because they weren’t my size, but they did have a lot of dresses there. Many stores sell only larger sized dresses; therefore, I had a hard time imagining what I would look like in them. Read the paragraph below to answer the following four questions. My life after marriage is a far cry from what it was before I married. As a single teenager and the daughter of an evangelistic minister, traveling was a way of life. I packed in less than thirty minutes for a journey of a few weeks to a month. I journeyed all over the United States and some in Canada and Mexico. Now, I find myself hesitating to leave the house to acquire groceries. My week usually consists of departing for church, which is situated across the street. Once upon a time, I knew tens of thousands of people in all the churches we visited; meeting new people as we traveled back to these places yearly. Unfortunately, in my husband’s home town, I have found it difficult to even make new friends or meet new people. Prior, traveling meant that I was surrounded by people all the time. Currently, I spend most of my days alone, seldom leaving my bedroom except to do chores or spend time with the kids. As a minister and minister’s daughter, I found myself in church several days a week; ministering in each service to one degree or another. In my husband’s home church I am seldom asked to minister, yet I still receive calls from time to time asking me to minister in other churches. I do not like traveling alone so I seldom accept many offers to minister outside my home church. This change of lifestyle is the hardest transition of my adult life; from the life I had to the life I have. In the passage, what method of organization does the author employ? Subject by subject (discuss one subject then the other) Point by point (two subjects are discussed side by side) The author merely focuses on similarities The author does not establish differences or similarities Which of the following sentences signals contrast within the passage? As a single teenager and the daughter of an evangelistic minister, traveling was a way of life. Now, I find myself hesitating to leave the house to acquire groceries. My week usually consists of departing for church, which is situated across the street. I found myself in church several days a week, ministering in each service to one degree or another. What specific verb does the author overuse within the paragraph? Transition Minister Leaving

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    Spend What specific sentence and word choice best describes the author’s feelings towards her current situation? My life after marriage is a far cry from what it was before I married. In my husband’s home church I am seldom asked to minister, yet I still receive calls from time to time asking me to minister in other churches. My week usually consists of departing for church, which is situated across the street. I do not like traveling alone so I seldom accept many offers to minister outside my home church. Read the paragraph below to answer the following four questions. There are basically three different types of boats, which can be somewhat overwhelming to a potential first time boat buyer. The intended purpose a boat will be used for should help determine the type of boat to be purchased. Stream boats are usually small, light, and easy to maneuver from place to place. Most stream boats require only one operator and are typically smaller making them the simplest to use. The next choice one might consider is an inland boat; while an inland boat might be larger than a stream boat, their size is still more maneuverable in smaller bodies of water and can be operated easily by one or two operators in most cases. Most inland boats maintain a somewhat shallower draw (draw is the amount of water required under a boat for it to float) allowing them to maneuver in and out of shallower water. Finally, the last category is the deep - sea boat class; these boats are made for the big, open water and are capable of withstanding much larger waves. In most applications, a deep - sea boat can carry more passengers and cargo than the smaller inland variations, making it the ultimate camper or getaway. Boating is a great time, even when the fish are not biting pick the right size and kind of boat and the fun is increased. So, to avoid feeling in over your head when buying a boat for the first time, make certain to weigh the options of the different classifications of boats; the first time boat buyer needs to assess the facts and various models to make the best selection. Which of the following phrases serves as an effective transitional phrase? Most stream boats require The next choice Most inland boats In most applications What is the best way to revise this sentence to include more active voice? Sentence: Boating is a great time, even when the fish are not biting pick the right size and kind of boat and the fun is increased. Boating is a great time, even when the fish are not biting; pick the right size and kind of boat and the fun is increased. Boating is a great time, even when the fish refuse to bite, but picking the right size and kind of boat increases the fun. Boating is a great time, even when the fish are not biting; if you pick the right size and kind of boat, the fun is increased.

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    Boating is a great time, even when the fish are not biting; pick the right size and kind of boat and the fun is increased. Which one of the following sentences contains a cliché? The intended purpose a boat will be used for should help determine the type of boat to be purchased. Most stream boats require only one operator and are typically smaller making them the simplest to use. So, to avoid feeling in over your head, make certain to weigh the options of the different classifications of boats. There are basically three different types of boats, which can be somewhat overwhelming to a potential first time boat buyer. In the reading passage which of the following could interfere with comprehension? The author has not described the three kinds of boats. The author has used long sentences without using proper punctuation. There is a grammar mistake in every sentence of the passage. The passage does not have a concluding sentence. Read the below paragraph to answer the following four questions. Many features combine to create the perfect football experience; these features include: the competition between the two teams, the fans, and the setting. The competition between the two football teams brings everyone to the stadium for the game. These two opposing and talented groups come prepared for the game, having practiced for weeks. The chemistry created by the fierce athletes, driven to win, stirs up tension between the two groups of fans, who come ready to cheer on their team. These eager and zealous fans show their support through screams, standing, shouting, jumping up and down, and blowing horns. Marching bands and cheerleaders also show their support. The marching bands play different songs in the stands like “Hey, Baby” or “Go, Big Red!” The cheerleaders cheer their hearts out to inspire the fans to get excited about the conflict on the field. The football game setting also contributes to the perfect football experience. The crisp, fall air inspires fans to wear sweatshirts and bring fleece blankets. The big, blaring lights draw attention to the activity on the field, even in the dark of night. Warm hot chocolate, hot dogs, and nachos add to the overall football experience. All of these elements, the competition, the fans, and the setting, combine to create the perfect, football experience. The author’s main purpose is to convince readers to attend a football game. describe the things one might see at a football game. explain the elements that make a football game a unique and enjoyable event. illustrate why he enjoys outdoor sporting events more than indoor sporting events. Which word(s) from the sentence below need(s) to be changed to correct an error in parallel construction?

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