Skip to content
Textbook Guides

Solution Manual for Harris Reference Guide for Writers, 10th Edition

Get detailed solutions to your textbook questions with Solution Manual for Harris Reference Guide for Writers, 10th Edition, a guide designed to make studying easier.

Preview 11 of 35 pages

See the first 11 pages exactly as they appear in the document.

  1. Page 1
    Read page 1 as text

    Answer Key for The Harris Reference Guide for Writers TENTH EDITION Muriel Harris Purdue University Jenn if er L. Kunka Francis Marion University

  2. Page 2
  3. Page 3
    Read page 3 as text

    Contents 11 1 12 1 13 2 14 2 1 5 3 16 3 17 4 18 4 19 5 20 5 21 5 22 6 23 7 24 7 25 9 26 10 27 10 28 11 29 11 30 13 31 13 32 Comma Splices and Fused Sentences Subject-Verb Agreement Sentence Fragments Dangling and Misplaced Modifiers Parallel Constructions Consistency (Avoiding Shifts) Faulty Prediction Coordination and Subordination Sentence Clarity Transitions Sentence Variety Verbs Nouns and Pronouns Pronoun Case and Reference Adjectives and Adverbs Prepositions Subjects Phrases Clauses Essential and Nonessential Clauses and Phrases Sentences Style Versus Grammar 13

  4. Page 4
    Read page 4 as text

    33 13 35 14 36 14 37 14 38 15 39 15 40 16 41 19 42 20 43 21 44 21 45 22 46 22 47 23 48 24 49 25 50 25 51 26 52 26 54 28 56 28 57 29 58 29 59 29 61 General and Specific Language Conciseness and Wordiness Passive Versus Active Voice Unnecessary and Inappropriate Language Appropriate Language Gender-Inclusive Language Commas Apostrophes Semicolons Colons Quotation Marks Hyphens End Punctuation Other Punctuation Capitals Abbreviations Numbers Italics Spelling Verbs Pronouns and Adverbs Count and Noncount Nouns Adjectives and Adverbs Prepositions Finding a Topic 30

  5. Page 5
    Read page 5 as text

    63 Searching Libraries and Libr ary Databases 30 64 Using Web Resources 30 66 Evaluating Sources 30 68 Using Sources and Avoiding Plagiarism 30 70 Documenting in MLA Style 31

  6. Page 6
    Read page 6 as text

    A n s w e r K e y 1 CHAPTER 11: Comma Splices and Fused Sentences Exercise 11.1: Proofreading Practice (1) Office gossip no longer takes place at the water cooler. (2) Companies that are online have a new way to relay gossip, and e-mail is the medium. or Companies that are online have a new way to relay gossip; e-mail is the medium. (3) Some court cases have made corporate executives rethink policies on transmitting e-mail and destroying old messages. (4) Seemingly harmless conversations between colleagues have been retrieved, and this information has been used in sexual harassment cases and other lawsuits. (5) A single employee can store thousands of pages of e-mail messages ; however, mail sent through a company e-mail is owned by the company, the mail is not censored or monitored. (6) Consequently, companies are eager for systems that review and spot-check e-mail. (7) Company executives are employing programs that censor e-mail and block messages containing inappropriate material ; this monitoring prevents embarrassing situations. (8) CEOs understand that Big Brother has a better view since employees began hitting the Send button. Exercise 11.2: Pattern Practice Some possible answers are as follows: 1. There are many varieties of chocolate, but all varieties come from the same bean. 2. All varieties are the product of fermentation, and once fermented, beans must be dried before being packed for shipping. 3. Chocolate pods cannot be gathered when they are underripe or overripe, so they are usually harvested very carefully by hand. 4. Dutch chocolate has the cocoa butter pressed out and alkali added, and Swiss chocolate has milk added. 5. Conching influences the flavor of chocolate, for it is the process of rolling chocolate over and against itself. 6. Chocolate is loved by millions of people all over the world, yet some people are allergic to chocolate. CHAPTER 12: Subject-Verb Agreement Exercise 12.1: Proofreading Practice 1. is 5. attempts 9. are 2. do not 6. are 10. insist 3. seem 7. study 11. aren’t 4. become 8. conclude 12. begins Exercise 12.2: Pattern Practice Answers will vary.

  7. Page 7
    Read page 7 as text

    2 CHAPTER 13: Sentence Fragments Exercise 13.1: Proofreading Practice 1. C, 2. C, 3. F, 4. C, 5. F, 6. C, 7. C, 8. C, 9. F, 10. C, 11. C, 12. F, 13. C, 14. F, 15. C, 16. F, 17. C, 18. C, 19. F Exercise 13.2: Pattern Practice 1. F 2. C 3. F 4. C 5. F 6. F 7. C 8. F 9. C 10. F CHAPTER 14: Dangling and Misplaced Modifiers Exercise 14.1: Proofreading Practice According to some anthropologists, the fastball may be millions of years older than the beginning of baseball. To prove this point, prehistoric toolmaking sites, such as Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania, are offered as evidence. These sites are littered with smooth, roundish stones not suitable for flaking into tools. Suspecting that the stones might have been used as weapons, anthropologists have speculated that these stones were thrown at enemies and animals being hunted. Searching for other evidence, historical accounts of primitive peoples have been combed for stories of rock throwing. Here early adventurers are described as being caught by rocks thrown hard and fast. Used in combat , museums have collections of these “handstones.” So stone throwing may have been a major form of defense and a tool for hunting. Being an impulse that still has to be curbed, parents still find themselves teaching their children not to throw stones. Exercise 14.2: Pattern Practice Answers will vary.

  8. Page 8
    Read page 8 as text

    3 Exercise 14.3: Proofreading Practice (1) The man with an umbrella, who was carrying the sack of groceries, walked carefully to his car. (2) He bought only a small amount of food for his lunch because he was going to leave town that afternoon. (3) Opening the car door, he whistled to his huge black dog and set the groceries in the trunk. (4) The dog happily jumped into the trunk with the groceries. Exercise 14.4: Pattern Practice Answers will vary. CHAPTER 15: Parallel Constructions Exercise 15.1: Proofreading Practice (1) block the landscape and create visual clutter (2) allowed exemptions and didn’t include (3) that uses and that is attracting (4) doesn’t change and has ; keeps changing and can be rented (5) attracting advertisers and building ; intrusive , distracting , and dangerous (6) before the signs were converted and then after the signs changed (7) that such research is and that blinking lights are bound (8) the lack of and the opposition by (9) to either try to control or to call for ; size, brightness , and turn-around time (10) that when a driver’s eye leaves the road and that digital billboards often tend to attract drivers’ eyes Exercise 15.2: Pattern Practice Answers will vary. CHAPTER 16: Consistency (Avoiding Shifts) Exercise 16.1: Proofreading Practice One possible revision is as follows: Many people think that recycling material is a recent trend. However, during World War II, more than 43 percent of America’s newsprint was recycled, and the average person saved bacon grease and other meat fat, which they [he (or she)] returned to local collection centers. What you would do is (a person did was) pour leftover fat and other greasy gunk (grease) from frying pans and pots into tin cans. Today, despite the fact that many people are recycling, less than half of Americans’ waste is actually recycled. The problem is not to get us (people) to save bottles and cans but to convince industry to use recycled materials. There is a concern expressed by manufacturers (Manufacturers have expressed concern) that they would be using materials of uneven quality and will (would) face undependable delivery. If the manufacturer (manufacturers) would wake up and smell the coffee (this phrase can be omitted) , they would see the advantages for the country and bigger profits could be made by them (the bigger profits they could make).

  9. Page 9
    Read page 9 as text

    4 CHAPTER 17: Faulty Prediction Exercise 17.1: Proofreading Practice Some possible revisions are as follows: 1. One way to relax is to grab a bowl of popcorn, put your feet up, and watch football on television for two hours. 2. Computer science is a field of study in which you learn how to program. 3. One of the most common ways to improve your math is to hire a tutor. 4. The next agenda item we want to look at is the question of finding out the cost of purchasing decorations. 5. His job consisted mainly of handling repetitious assembly line tasks. Exercise 17.2: Pattern Practice Answers will vary. CHAPTER 18: Coordination and Subordination Exercise 18.1: Proofreading Practice One possible revision of this paragraph is as follows: Although most people think of pigs as providers of ham, bacon, and pork chops, they also think of pigs as dirty, smelly, lazy, stupid, mean, and stubborn. However, there’s more to pigs than this bad press they’ve had, so we should stop and reevaluate what we think of pigs. (2) President Harry Truman once said that no man should be allowed to be president who does not understand hogs. This lack of understanding indicates inadequate appreciation for a useful farm animal. (3) Some people are discovering that pigs make excellent pets. (4) In fact, because pigs have been favorite characters in children’s fiction, many people fondly remember the cartoon character Porky Pig and Miss Piggy, the Muppet creation, as well as the heroic pig named Wilbur in E. B. White’s Charlotte’s Web . (5) Clubs for people who keep pigs as pets are now not just on farms, although pigs have long been favorite pets of farm children, who are likely to be fond of animals. (6) People with pigs as pets report that their pigs are curious, friendly little animals that are quite clean despite the “dirty as a pig” saying. However, pigs, which are not very athletic, also have a sweet tooth. (7) Pigs can be interesting pets and useful farm animals to raise. Exercise 18.2: Pattern Practice Answers will vary. One possible paragraph is given here: Although plastic used to be considered a cheap, shoddy material, it is taking the place of many materials. In addition to cars made of plastic, there are also boats, airplanes, cameras, fishing rods, watches, suitcases, toothpaste tubes, and plates made of plastic. Plastic, which has replaced the glass in eyeglasses, the wood in tennis rackets, and cotton and wool in our clothing, seems new but has been with us for a long time. Celluloid, which is a nearly natural plastic, was developed in 1868 as a substitute for ivory in billiard balls. However, celluloid proved to be too flammable. Now, because new types of plastic, such as glow-in-the-dark plastic, have mushroomed, the use of plastics has steadily increased. By the mid-1970s, in fact, plastic had become the nation’s most widely used material.

  10. Page 10
    Read page 10 as text

    5 CHAPTER 19: Sentence Clarity Exercise 19.1: Proofreading Practice 1. a, d, e. (already provided in the example) 2. a, b, d, e, f. 3. d, e. 4. b, c, d. 5. a, e, f. 6. a, d, e. Exercise 19.2: Pattern Practice Answers will vary. CHAPTER 20: Transitions Exercise 20.1: Proofreading Practice (1) its (3) and (4) it (3) it (3) (2) But (4) this (3) ship (2) (3) It (3) (4) Then (4) vessel (2) (5) Next (4) Titanic (1) ocean (1) (6) It (3) when (4) boat (2) it (3) (7) Eventually (4) material (2) ship (2) (8) Later (4) researchers (1) ship (2) but (4) it (3) water (2) (9) In time (4) vessel (2) but (4) Titanic (1) Exercise 20.2: Proofreading Practice Answers will vary. One suggested version of the practice paragraph is as follows: Caring for houseplants requires some basic knowledge about plants. For example, the plant should be watered regularly and its leaves should be cleaned. Moreover, since spring and summer bring a special time of growth, the plant can be fertilized then. In addition, the plant can be repotted, but the diameter of the new pot should be only two inches larger than the pot the plant is presently in. Some plants can be put outside in summer; however, some plants cannot. In sum, if you are familiar with basic requirements for houseplants, you will have healthy plants. CHAPTER 21: Sentence Variety Exercise 21.1: Pattern Practice One suggested version of the practice paragraph is as follows: While scientists neglect whistling, amateurs and hobbyists do not. There are whistling contests all over the United States, where accomplished whistlers whistle classical music, opera, jazz, Broadway show

  11. Page 11
    Read page 11 as text

    6 tunes, polkas, and even rock-and-roll. People whistle very differently. Some people pucker their lips, while others use their throat, hands, or fingers to produce whistling sounds that resemble the flute. There are several advantages to whistling: it is a happy sound; whistlers never lose their instrument; their instrument doesn’t need to be cleaned or repaired; it costs nothing; and it is easily transported. Because whistling is hard to explain, it is something you pick up either at a young age or not at all. CHAPTER 22: Verbs Exercise 22.1: Proofreading Practice (1) For a long time psychologists have wondered what memories are and where they are stored in the human brain. (2) Because it is the basis of human intellect, memory has been studied intensely. (3) According to one psychologist, memory is an umbrella term for a whole range of processes that occur in our brains. (4) In particular, psychologists have identified two types of memory. (5) One type is called declarative memory, and it includes memories of facts such as names, places, dates, and even baseball scores. (6) It is called declarative because we use it to declare things. (7) For example, a person can declare his or her favorite food is fried bean sprouts. (8) The other type is called procedural memory. (9) It is the type of memory acquired by repetitive practice or conditioning , and it includes skills such as riding a bike or typing . (10) We need both types of memory in our daily living because we need facts and use a variety of skills. Exercise 22.2: Pattern Practice (1) To learn more about memory, a psychologist studies (studied) visual memory by watching monkeys. (2) To do this, he uses (used) a game that requires (required) the monkey to pick up a block in order to find the food in a pail underneath. (3) After a brief delay the monkey again sees (saw) the old block on top of a pail and also sees (saw) a new block with a pail underneath it. (4) The new block now covers (covered) a pail with bananas in it. (5) The monkey quickly learns (learned) each time to pick up the new block in order to find food. (6) This demonstrates (demonstrated) that the monkey remembers (remembered) what the old block looks (looked) like and also what distinguishes (distinguished) the new block. (7) The psychologist concludes (concluded) that visual memory is (was) at work. Exercise 22.3: Proofreading Practice 1. learn 8. hopped 2. begin 9. was going 3. are 10. concludes 4. become 11. sees 5. has studied 12. would not see 6. may represent 13. would conclude 7. took 14. failed Exercise 22.4: Pattern Practice Last year, St. John’s wort was one of the many herbal supplements advertised in magazines and news reports as an alternative remedy for treating anxiety and depression. This herb had been around for hundreds of years, since before the dawn of antidepressants. Many depressed people took medications such as Prozac, but research revealed that herbal treatments were also effective. A person who experienced anxiety or depression might have benefited more from an herbal remedy than from a drug that caused side effects. Antidepressants often caused side effects such as weight gain, lack of interest in sex, and insomnia. Herbal remedies such as St. John’s wort might have had no side effects. Many people who had tried this remedy said that they enjoyed life more and were free of anxiety. Experimenting with

24 more pages in the full document

Unlock it once and it stays in your library, ready to chat with or turn into flashcards.

Unlock the full document

More English study materials

See all

Study this document with CramX

Once it is in your library, every tool can work from it.