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Gruber's Complete GRE Guide 2019-2020 (2019)

Master the certification syllabus with Gruber's Complete GRE Guide 2019-2020 (2019) , featuring exam-focused notes, step-by-step solutions, and expert guidance.

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    | ~ | " Fra than More than 7 million Gruber books sol ‘0 4 \ SUIUL 7th GU | DE 2019 - 2020 Edition Gary R. Gruber, Ph.D. * The World's Shortest Practice Test for the * Mini Math Refresher + Complete Math GRE® Exam: estimate your score in only 20 Refresher questions! + Guides to help you master the GRE® basics + A diagnostic test to reveal your strengths and + Three practice tests with explanatory weaknesses answers—keyed to the acclaimed Gruber * The 101 most important math questions every Strategies and Basic Skills student needs to be able to answer « Explanations of why you got questions + 19 simple-to-learn Math Strategies for solving wrong—plus how to get them right every type of question by breaking them + Exclusive four-hour study program for the down to their easiest forms week before the test GRE" Is a registered trademark of Educational Testing Service (ETS). This product is not endorsed or approved by ETS.

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    Downloaded from StudyXY.com ® + StudyXY Sd Ye. o> \ | iF ’ pr E \ 3 S Stu dy Anything This ContentHas been Posted On StudyXY.com as supplementary learning material. StudyXY does not endrose any university, college or publisher. Allmaterials posted are under the liability of the contributors. wv 8) www.studyxy.com

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    “Gary Gruber is a recognized authority on standardized test and critical-thinking strategies.”—Washington Post 4 N r | — — — - ON | FLEE = -— a — | ™ \ n | =" More than 7 million Gruber books J [ \ | sold! / tl - a . ~ ” GUIDE 2019-2020 Edition Gary R. Gruber, Ph.D. The Best Strategies for the Best Score GRE" Is a registered trademark of Educational Testing Service (ETS). This product is not endorsed or approved by ETS. + StudyXY

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    Praise for Gary Gruber “Dr. Gruber is recognized as the leading expert on standardized tests. His results have been lauded throughout the country. His personal presentation spreads ‘contagious enthusiasm’ like an epidemic with his audiences.” —PBS “[When you want the solution to the problem] tap the super genius, Gary Gruber.” —Washington Post “His methods make the questions seem amazingly simple to solve.” —Library Journal “I thank you and my 15-year old son (high school jr.) thanks you.” —Ted Koppel, ABC News, Nightline “The work that Gary Gruber does should be given to every student and every teacher.” —Dr. Shirley Thornton, Former Deputy Superintendent, California State Department of Education “By learning Dr. Gruber’s strategies, a student can increase his(her) IQ to do well on any exam.” —Teen Magazine “Gruber is the Dear Abby of testing.”

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    —Detroit News “I hope Dr. Gruber’s work reaches many more students. I know that they will find his suggestions priceless.” — Julie Martin, Phoenix Gazette “|The Gruber book] is the only commercial book that I’ve seen that would actually help a test-taker.” —David Owen, Washington Post “With the use of Gruber’s special techniques, students can raise their test scores significantly and increase their general learning ability.” —Courier Journal “Gruber clearly demonstrates his concepts in this valuable resource for students facing the SAT or any standardized test.” —James Scholtz, Booklist “Gary Gruber is the Guru of College Testing Programs.” —The Light, San Antonio, Texas “This [Gruber] is the man who knows the ins and outs of testing.” —Bob Lee, Bob Lee Magazine, KSL Radio, Salt Lake City, Utah “I was glad to see the focus . . . is on developing critical thinking skills, which are helpful in all walks of life, not just for taking tests.” —Alan Ginsburg, Acting Director, Planning and Evaluation Service, US. Dept. of Education, Washington, DC

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    GRUBER’S COMPLETE G. 2019-2020 ns

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    Also Available from Gary Gruber and Skyhorse Publishing Gruber’s Complete SAT Guide 2019-2020 Gruber’s Complete ACT Guide 2019-2020 Gruber’s Essential Guide to Test Taking: Grades 3-5 Gruber’s Essential Guide to Test Taking: Grades 6-9 Gruber’s Word Master for Standardized Tests

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    GRUBER’S COMPLETE GUIDE 2019-2020 rier Gary R. Gruber, Ph.D.

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    Copyright © 2019 by Gary R. Gruber All Rights Reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without the express written consent of the publisher, except in the case of brief excerpts in critical reviews or articles. All inquiries should be addressed to Skyhorse Publishing, 306 West 37th Street, 11th Floor, New York, NY 10018. GRE® isa registered trademark of Educational Testing Service (ETS). This product is not endorsed or approved by ETS. Skyhorse Publishing books may be purchased in bulk at special discounts for sales promotion, corporate gifts, fund-raising, or educational purposes. Special editions can also be created to specifications. For details, contact the Special Sales Department, Skyhorse Publishing, 306 West 37th Street, 11th Floor, New York, NY 10018 or info@skyhorsepublishing.com. Skyhorse® and Skyhorse Publishing® are registered trademarks of Skyhorse Publishing, me.®, a Delaware corporation. Visit our website at www.skyhorsepublishing.com. 10987654321 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available on file. Cover design by Daniel Brount Print ISBN: 978-1-5107-5422-5 Ebook ISBN: 978-1-5107-5423-2 Printed in the United States of America I~ StudyXY

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    To the millions of students who have successfully used my books to markedly increase their scores and get into the college of their choice. And to all of the students who seek to achieve and excel in both school and life, and to the parents and teachers who encourage their children in the path of curiosity, critical thinking, and joyful passion for life and learning. Gary R. Gruber, Ph.D. + StudyXY

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    CONTENTS Introduction Important Note about This Book and Its Author The Author Has Something Important to Tell You about How to Raise Your GRE Score Important Facts about the GRE The Inside Track on How GRE Questions Are Developed and How They Vary from Test to Test What Are Critical-Thinking Skills? Multilevel Approaches to the Solution of Problems A 4-Hour Study Program for the GRE Longer-Range Study Program and Helpful Steps for Using This Book Part 1: Strategy Diagnostic Test for the GRE Directions Section 1: Verbal Reasoning Section 2: Quantitative Reasoning Answer and Diagnostic Tables Part 2: The World’s Shortest GRE Practice Test Verbal Reasoning: Sentence Equivalence and Text Completion Verbal Reasoning: Reading Comprehension Quantitative Reasoning: Multiple Choice

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    Quantitative Reasoning: Quantitative Comparison Answers Scoring Explanatory Answers and Strategies Part 3: The Most Important Math Questions You Need to Know How to Solve Directions Answer Sheet 101 Math Questions Test Answers, Diagnosis, Solutions, Generalizations, and Rules Part 4: Strategy Section 47 Easy-to-Learn Strategies How to Learn the Strategies Important Note on the Allowed Use of Calculators on the GRE Important Note on Quantitative Reasoning (Math) Questions on the GRE Numeric Entry Questions 5 General Strategies Quantitative Reasoning—19 Math Strategies for Multiple-Choice Questions Math Strategy 1: Cancel Quantities to Make the Problem Simpler Math Strategy 2: Translate English Words into Mathematical Expressions Math Strategy 3: Know How to Find Unknown Quantities (Areas Lengths. Arc and Angle Measurements) from Known Quantities (The Whole Equals the Sum of Its Parts)

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    Math Strategy 4: Remember Classic Expressions Math Strategy 5: Know How to Manipulate Averages Math Strategy 6: Know How to Manipulate Inequalities Math Strategy 7: Use Specific Numerical Examples to Prove or Disprove Your Guess Math Strategy 8: When Each Choice Must Be Tested, Start with the Last Choice and Work Backward Math Strategy 9: Know How to Solve Problems Using the Formula R x T=D Math Strategy 10: Know How to Use Units of Time, Distance, Area, or Volume to Find or Check Your Answer Math Strategy 11: Use New Definitions and Functions Carefully Math Strategy 12: Try Not to Make Tedious Calculations, Since There Is Usually an Easier Way Math Strategy 13: Know How to Find Unknown Expressions by Adding. Subtracting, Multiplying, or Dividing Equations or Expressions Math Strategy 14: Draw or Extend Lines in a Diagram to Make a Problem Easier; Label Unknown Quantities Math Strategy 15: Know How to Eliminate Certain Choices Math Strategy 16: Watch Out for Questions That Seem Very Easy but That Can Be Tricky—Beware of Choice A as a “Lure Choice” Math Strategy 17: Use the Given Information Effectively (and Ignore Irrelevant Information) Math Strategy 18: Know and Use Facts about Triangles Math Strategy 19: When Calculating Answers, Never Multiply and/or Do Long Division If You Can Reduce First Quantitative Reasoning—6 Math Strategies for Quantitative Comparison Questions

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    Math Strategy A: Cancel Numbers or Expressions Common to Both Columns by Addition or Subtraction Math Strategy B: Cancel Numbers or Expressions (Positive Quantities Only!!) Common to Both Columns by Multiplication or Division Math Strategy C: When a Comparison of the Two Columns Is Difficult, Use Numbers in Place of Variables Math Strategy D: To Make a Comparison Simpler—Especially of Fractions—Multiply, Divide, Add to, or Subtract from Both Columns by a Quantity (Never Multiply or Divide by Zero or by a Negative Number) Math Strategy E: Try to Get the Columns and the Given to Look Similar Math Strategy F: Use the Choice C Method When Straightforward Computations Must Be Made Verbal Reasoning—4 Sentence Completion Strategies Sentence Completion Strategy 1: For a Sentence with Only One Blank. Fill in the Blank with Each Choice to See the Best Fit Sentence Completion Strategy 2: Try to Complete the Sentence in Your Own Words Before Looking at the Choices Sentence Completion Strategy 3: Pay Close Attention to the Key Words in the Sentence Sentence Completion Strategy 4: Look for the Overall Flavor of the Passage and Use Sentence Completion Strategy 3 of Noting Key Words Verbal Reasoning—10 Reading Comprehension Strategies Introduction to Passage Reading What Reading Comprehension Questions Ask Getting Involved with the Passage Breakdown of the Passage

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    How to Answer Reading Comprehension Questions Most Effectively The Reading Comprehension Strategies Reading Comprehension Strategy 1: As You Read Each Question Determine the Type: Main Idea, Detecting Details, Inferential Reasoning, or Tone/Mood Reading Comprehension Strategy 2: Note the Key Parts of the Reading Passage Reading Comprehension Strategy 3: Look Back at the Passage When in Doubt Reading Comprehension Strategy 4: Before You Start Answering the Questions. Read the Passage Carefully Reading Comprehension Strategy 5: Get the Meanings of “Tough” Words by Using the Context Method Reading Comprehension Strategy 6: Circle Transitional Words in the Passage Reading Comprehension Strategy 7: Don’t Answer a Question on the Basis of Your Own Opinion Reading Comprehension Strategy 8: After Reading the Passage Read Each Question Carefully Reading Comprehension Strategy 9: Increase Your Vocabulary to Boost Your Reading Comprehension Score Reading Comprehension Strategy 10: Know How to Deal with Questions That Ask You to Find Statements That Support or Weaken the Arguments in a Passage or Statements That the Passage Does Not Provide Any Information About Verbal Reasoning—3 Vocabulary Strategies Vocabulary Strategy 1: Use Roots, Prefixes. and Suffixes to Get the Meanings of Words

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    Vocabulary Strategy 2: Pay Attention to the Sound or Feeling of the Word—Whether Positive or Negative, Harsh or Mild, Big or Little, Etc. Vocabulary Strategy 3: Use Word Associations to Determine Word Meanings and Their Opposites Part 5: Mini Math Refresher Algebra and Arithmetic Percentage Problems Equations Factoring Exponents and Roots Equalities Inequalities Geometry Triangles Triangles—Pythogorean Theorem Areas and Perimeters Circles Coordinate Geometry Part 6: Complete GRE Math Refresher Mathematical Symbols Math Refresher Session 1: Fractions, Decimals, Percentages, Deviations, Ratios and Proportions, Variations, and Comparison of Fractions Fractions, Decimals, Percentages Deviations

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