QQuestionLaw
QuestionLaw
Kagiso Rabada is a final-year law student, who has met all the academic
requirements to embark on his Practical Vocational Training (“PVT”). He has already
signed with a small law firm in Ballito, Kwa-Zulu Natal, and only needs to register
his PVT contract with the Legal Practice Council (“LPC”). Kagiso, is also a famous
DJ in Ballito, and has been known to partake in “Fisstech”, an opioid prohibited under
the Drugs and Drug Trafficking Act 140 of 1992.
During his application to the LPC, Kagiso discloses that he has two previous
convictions for possession of Fisstech. The LPC rejected his application and
deemed that Kagiso is "not a fit and proper person" to practice as a Candidate Legal
Practitioner. The LPC argues that allowing him to practise law while openly defying
drug laws would bring the profession into disrepute.
Kagiso believes the LPC’s decision unfairly limits his constitutional right to freedom
of profession (section 22). He seeks legal advice on whether he can challenge the
refusal in court. With reference to relevant constitutional provisions and case law, advise Kagiso
whether his right to freedom of profession (section 22 of the Constitution) may be
limited by the Legal Practice Council (“LPC”).
In your answer, you may consider how courts have approached the “fit and proper”
requirement for admission to the legal profession where an applicant has previous
convictions relating to the possession or use of prohibited substances.
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Answer
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Step 1:Identify the constitutional right involved
Section 22 of the Constitution protects the right to choose a trade, occupation, or profession freely, but allows regulation by law.
Step 2:State the relevant constitutional provision
Section\ 22: \text{Every citizen has the right to choose their trade, occupation or profession freely. The practice of a trade, occupation or profession may be regulated by law.}
Section 22 allows for regulation of professions, including law, by legislation.
Step 3:Explain the LPC's legal basis for refusal
The Legal Practice Act requires that only 'fit and proper' persons may be admitted to legal practice. Previous criminal convictions, especially for drug-related offences, are relevant to this assessment.
Step 4:Discuss relevant case law
In cases like Ex parte Krause and General Council of the Bar of South Africa v Jiba, courts have held that honesty, integrity, and respect for the law are essential for legal practitioners. Previous convictions for drug offences may indicate a lack of these qualities, but each case is assessed on its merits.
Step 5:Apply the limitation analysis (Section 36)
Section\ 36: \text{The rights in the Bill of Rights may be limited by law of general application, provided the limitation is reasonable and justifiable in an open and democratic society.}
The requirement that legal practitioners be 'fit and proper' is a law of general application and serves the legitimate aim of protecting the public and the integrity of the profession.
Step 6:Assess whether the limitation is reasonable and justifiable
Courts balance the individual's right to practise a profession with the public interest in maintaining high ethical standards in the legal profession. The limitation is likely justifiable if Kagiso's convictions suggest ongoing disregard for the law.
Final Answer
Kagiso's right to freedom of profession under section 22 may be limited by the LPC if his previous convictions show he is not 'fit and proper.' Courts have upheld such limitations when justified by the need to protect the integrity of the legal profession. Kagiso may challenge the decision, but success will depend on whether he can prove rehabilitation and that he is now fit and proper despite his past convictions.
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