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Listening to Western Music 8th Edition Test Bank

  • Music
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    Name: Class: Date: CHAPTER 01: THE POWER OF MUSIC Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1 Multiple Choice 1. According to neuroscientists, when we listen to music it alters the __________ in our brain, thereby affecting our mental state. a. electrical stimulation b. chemical composition c. weight d. synapses e. all of the above ANSWER: b 2. Which anatomical organ serves as our “central processor,” converting sound waves into electrochemical impulses that are interpreted by the brain? a. primary auditory cortex b. limbic system c. brainstem d. basilar membrane e. hippocampus ANSWER: d 3. Which sub - region of the brain generates emotion, including how we feel about the music we hear? a. amygdala b. basilar membrane c. cerebellum d. frontal lobe e. hippocampus ANSWER: a 4. In a digital recording, all the components of musical sound, such as pitch, tone color, etc., are reduced to sequences of binary numbers and stored on compact discs. a. true b. false ANSWER: a 5. Identify the incorrect statement about popular music. a. often uses electric enhancements to amplify and transform vocal and instrumental sounds b. primarily vocal c. has a strong beat that tends to dominate the overall sound d. works are generally short and involve exact repetition e. performed from a written score; musicians normally have music stands on stage to help them remember the tune ANSWER: e 6. Identify the incorrect statement about classical music. a. printout of lyrics are distributed at concerts so listeners know what the music is about and what they are

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    Name: Class: Date: CHAPTER 01: THE POWER OF MUSIC Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2 supposed to feel b. works are typically long and repetitions are varied c. typically uses acoustic instruments d. primarily instrumental e. melody and harmony typically more prominent than rhythm ANSWER: a 7. In musical terminology, __________ means “type” of music. a. motive b. encore c. sound waves d. genre e. syncopation ANSWER: d 8. Genre and venue in music not only implies what and where you might hear music performed, but also how one might dress and act. a. true b. false ANSWER: a 9. What is meant by the term “encore”? a. the gradual decrease in the volume of sound b. an instrumental genre in which one or more soloists play with and against a larger orchestra c. the repetition of a work by the performer to gratify an appreciative audience d. music that has endured the test of time and requires a particular set of skills to perform or appreciate it e. a short, distinctive melodic figure that stands by itself ANSWER: c 10. How does an audience convey its desire for an encore? a. holding their cell phones towards the stage b. exuberant applause c. sending text messages d. engaging in a stadium wave e. chanting “We Will Rock You” ANSWER: b 11. Identify the correct definition of “movement.” a. the orchestral ensemble that plays symphonies b. a large, independent section of a major instrumental work c. the repetition of a piece demanded by an appreciative audience d. a short, distinctive melodic figure that stands by itself e. the process whereby a performer plucks the strings of an instrument rather than bowing them ANSWER: b

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    Name: Class: Date: CHAPTER 01: THE POWER OF MUSIC Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3 12. A ________ is a type of music for orchestra that is divided into several movements, each possessing its own tempo and mood. a. tone poem b. pizzicato c. encore d. concerto e. symphony ANSWER: e 13. The ________ is a large ensemble of acoustic instruments that plays symphonies, concertos, overture, and other genres of classical instrumental music. a. chorus b. concerto c. big band d. orchestra e. crescendo ANSWER: d 14. A short, distinctive musical figure that can stand by itself, and often unifies entire compositions is a: a. motive b. crescendo c. chord d. pizzicato e. movement ANSWER: a 15. Also Sprach Zarathustra ( Thus Spoke Zarathustra ) by Richard Strauss is an example of which musical genre? a. concerto b. dance suite c. overture d. tone poem e. symphony ANSWER: d 16. Which genre of composition is a one - movement work for orchestra that tries to capture in music the emotions and events associated with a story, play, or personal experience? a. symphony orchestra b. classical music c. tone poem d. encore e. concerto ANSWER: c

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    Name: Class: Date: CHAPTER 01: THE POWER OF MUSIC Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4 17. Which instruments are playing the melody in the listening example? a. violins b. trumpets c. flutes d. French horns e. bassoons ANSWER: b OTHER: Strauss, Also sprach Zarathustra, DL 2, 0:14 - 0:43 18. Identify the term that best describes the listening example. a. motive b. diminuendo c. melody d. pizzicato e. encore ANSWER: a OTHER: Beethoven, Symphony 5, first movement; DL 1: 0:00 - 0:02 Subjective Short Answer 19. Provide a brief definition of music. What makes music different from noise? ANSWER: Music is the rational organization of sounds and silences passing through time. Tones need to be arranged in some sort of consistent, logical, and (usually) pleasing manner. 20. What is the primary benefit of digital music? In what way does it fall short of a “live” musical performance? ANSWER: It can be enjoyed by almost anyone, anywhere, any time. The quality of sound is not as good as a live musical performance. 21. Which type, or genre, of music has the orchestra traditionally played more than any other? ANSWER: symphonies Essay 22. Cite the different roles that the following areas of the brain play in the performance and perception of music: temporal lobe, frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, amygdala, and hippocampus. ANSWER: temporal lobe, processing sound; frontal lobe, anticipating the next line or phrase of a composition; parietal lobe, the motor center enables us to accomplish the physical activity to play music; occipital lobe, visual center allows us to read the notes; amygdala, contributes to how we feel about the music we hear; hippocampus, musical memory. 23. Cite four differences between classical and popular music that are described in the text. ANSWER: (1) acoustic instruments rather than an emphasis on electrically amplified instruments (2) preset notation/fixed entity rather than emphasis on aural and oral transmission (3) emphasis on instrumental music rather than music requiring a “lyric” to convey meaning (4) lengthy, variety of moods, requires concentration rather than short, single mood works (5) beat often beneath the surface (6) abstract beauty instead of immediate impact and lyrics that often deal with immediate life issues

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    Name: Class: Date: CHAPTER 01: THE POWER OF MUSIC Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5

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    Name: Class: Date: CHAPTER 02: RHYTHM, MELODY, HARMONY Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1 Multiple Choice 1. Rhythm has two meanings in music: one general, the other specific. The general meaning refers to the organization of time in music. Identify the more specific definition. a. an emphasis or stress placed on a musical tone or chord b. the division of music into compelling patterns of long and short sounds c. the character or color of sound as determined by its harmonics and its attack and decay d. sounds that provide the support and enrichment for a melody e. an articulation mark indicating that notes are to be smoothly connected ANSWER: b 2. What is the term for the even pulse that divides the passing of musical time into equal segments? a. measure b. tempo c. phrase d. beat e. ritard ANSWER: d 3. Which term means the speed at which beats progress? a. tempo b. syncopation c. accent d. dissonance e. homophony ANSWER: a 4. What is the English word that means to slow the tempo of the music? a. syncopation b. pickup c. downbeat d. ritard e. score ANSWER: d 5. Which term best describes what is happening in the music example. a. ritard b. tempo c. syncopation d. mode e. modulation ANSWER: a OTHER: Handel. Water Music, Minuet, DL 30, 0:19 - 0:27

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    Name: Class: Date: CHAPTER 02: RHYTHM, MELODY, HARMONY Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2 6. The downbeat is: a. the strongest beat in any given measure b. the first beat in a measure c. more accented than other beats d. indicated by a downward movement of the conductor’s hand e. all of the above ANSWER: e 7. What is the term describing an emphasis or stress placed on a musical tone or chord? a. allegro b. tempo c. beat d. accent e. accelerando ANSWER: d 8. What results when beats are gathered into regular groups? a. meter b. rhythm c. ritard d. upbeats e. tempo ANSWER: a 9. Which term is synonymous with “measure”? a. meter signature b. bar c. syncopation d. downbeat e. phrase ANSWER: b 10. What is the term for a group of beats? a. rhythm b. tempo c. consonance d. meter signature e. measure ANSWER: e 11. In a meter signature (or time signature), what does the top number tell the performer? a. how fast the beats should go b. how many lines there are in the texture c. what note value receives the beat

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    Name: Class: Date: CHAPTER 02: RHYTHM, MELODY, HARMONY Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3 d. how many beats occur in each measure e. how many measures there are in the composition ANSWER: d 12. Identify the meter of the listening example. a. duple b. triple ANSWER: b OTHER: Mozart, “Se vuol ballare,” DL 32, 0:00 - 0:28 13. Identify the meter of the listening example (it begins with an upbeat). a. duple b. triple ANSWER: a OTHER: Monteverdi, Orfeo, Toccata, DL 20, 0:00 - 0:31 14. Identify the meter of the listening example. a. duple b. triple ANSWER: a OTHER: Haydn, Trumpet Concerto, DL 36, 0:00 - 0:39 15. Identify the meter of the listening example. a. duple b. triple ANSWER: b OTHER: Verdi, La Traviata, Un dì felice, DL 57, 0:00 - 0:34 16. Identify the term that indicates the absence of sound. a. accent b. ostinato c. rest d. dissonance e. style ANSWER: c 17. Term for the note or two occurring at the very beginning of a piece that provides a little extra momentum into the first downbeat. a. pickup b. hook c. syncopation d. phrase e. cadence ANSWER: a

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    Name: Class: Date: CHAPTER 02: RHYTHM, MELODY, HARMONY Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4 18. Identify whether this listening example, which is in triple meter, begins with a pickup or on the downbeat, a. it begins with a pickup b. it begins on the downbeat ANSWER: a OTHER: Verdi, La Traviata, Un dì felice, DL 57, 0:00 - 0:08 19. Which term describes placing an accent on a weak beat or between the beats? a. ritard b. tempo c. syncopation d. triad e. pickup ANSWER: c 20. Which term describes the predominant musical technique heard in the listening example? a. motive b. syncopation c. ritard d. allegretto e. imitative polyphony ANSWER: b OTHER: Haydn, Symphony No. 94, second movement; DL 7, 4:22 - 5:11 21. Which definition is appropriate to melody? a. a series of notes arranged into a distinctive and recognizable musical unit b. an arrangement of pitches that ascend and descend in a fixed, unvarying pattern c. the movement of music through time d. a short, distinctive figure e. the element that adds depth and dimension to music ANSWER: a 22. Identify the synonym commonly used for melody. a. vocals b. hook c. lyrics d. beat e. tune ANSWER: e 23. What is “pitch”? a. a short, distinctive figure b. the speed of the beat c. the relative position, high or low, or a musical sound

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    Name: Class: Date: CHAPTER 02: RHYTHM, MELODY, HARMONY Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5 d. the tonal center of the scale e. the concluding part of a musical phrase ANSWER: c 24. What is the term for the interval that comprises the first and eighth tones of the major and minor scales? Their sounds are quite similar because the frequency of vibration of the higher pitch is exactly twice that of the lower. a. clef b. antecedent c. ritard d. octave e. natural ANSWER: d 25. The octave is a feature of all musical cultures, although many cultures subdivide the pitches within the octave in a unique manner. a. true b. false ANSWER: a 26. Which symbol raises a note to the next higher neighboring tone? a. leap b. natural c. sharp d. mode e. key ANSWER: c 27. Symbols that correspond to the black keys of the keyboard are known as: a. consonance and dissonance b. sharps and flats c. antecedents and consequents d. timbre and tone color e. motives and cadences ANSWER: b 28. The distance between two pitches in music is called __________. a. motive b. interval c. mode d. tonality e. key ANSWER: b 29. The __________ is a horizontal grid from which musicians read the symbols of musical notation.

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    Name: Class: Date: CHAPTER 02: RHYTHM, MELODY, HARMONY Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6 a. clef b. scale c. cadence d. staff e. melody ANSWER: d 30. What symbol indicates the range used for lower - sounding instruments and male voices? a. staff b. tonic c. bass clef d. key signature e. octave ANSWER: c 31. The __________, which includes both clefs, is intended for two - handed keyboard music with a large range. a. great (grand) staff b. chromatic scale c. modulation d. invertible counterpoint e. symphony ANSWER: a 32. The arrangement of pitches within the octave that ascends and descends according to a fixed pattern is known as: a. clef b. scale c. tempo d. key e. modulation ANSWER: b 33. Which two scales have been used for almost all Western melodies since the seventeenth century? a. pentatonic and chromatic b. major and whole tone c. minor and blues d. chromatic and major e. major and minor ANSWER: e 34. Which scale adds five more notes to the typical Western scale, adding color and richness to a melody? a. chromatic b. minor c. modulation

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    Name: Class: Date: CHAPTER 02: RHYTHM, MELODY, HARMONY Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7 d. major e. whole - tone ANSWER: a 35. Although it is the first note of the scale, melodies rarely conclude on the tonic. a. true b. false ANSWER: b 36. What is the name for the central pitch around which melodies gravitate and on which they generally end? a. phrase b. consequent tone c. clef d. key e. tonic ANSWER: e 37. What provides the “gravitational field” that embodies both the scale of the melody and the strong pull of its tonic pitch? a. tonality b. mode c. meter d. counterpoint e. modulation ANSWER: a 38. What is the term describing the change in tonal center from one key to another? a. modulation b. cadence c. tonality d. syncopation e. counterpoint ANSWER: a 39. The element that adds depth and dimension to music as well as providing support and accompaniment to the melody is __________. a. texture b. rhythm c. harmony d. color e. chromaticism ANSWER: c 40. What is a unit of three or more pitches that sound at the same time?

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    Name: Class: Date: CHAPTER 02: RHYTHM, MELODY, HARMONY Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 8 a. arpeggio b. blues c. interval d. chord e. meter ANSWER: d 41. A __________ is the basic chord in music; it consists of three pitches arranged in a specific manner. a. triad b. dominant c. beat d. motive e. arpeggio ANSWER: a 42. What is the term for a purposeful movement of chords? a. dissonance b. chord progression c. harmony d. meter e. counterpoint ANSWER: b 43. Which triad provides the “gravitational pull” of a chord progression; it is the central chord around which the melody and harmony function? a. consonant b. dominant c. tonic d. clef e. ritard ANSWER: c 44. The ________ is the end of a chord progression. a. canon b. accent c. modulation d. timbre e. cadence ANSWER: e 45. On which note of the scale is the dominant triad always built? a. second b. third c. fourth

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    Name: Class: Date: CHAPTER 02: RHYTHM, MELODY, HARMONY Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 9 d. fifth e. octave ANSWER: d 46. Which chord tends to move to the tonic at the end of musical phrases, helping create the strong effect of a cadence? a. dominant b. chromatic c. subdominant d. polychord e. arpeggio ANSWER: a 47. Chords that are __________ produce a sense of calmness and stability. a. homophonic b. syncopated c. consonant d. motivic e. all of the above ANSWER: c 48. Dissonant chords add __________ to the music? a. rhythm b. peace and tranquility c. pleasure and security d. tension and anxiety e. nothing ANSWER: d 49. The harmony of the listening example is best described as dissonant. a. true b. false ANSWER: a OTHER: Stravinsky, Rite of Spring, DL 70, 3:36 - 3:45 (Rite chord) 50. The harmony of the listening example is best described as dissonant. a. true b. false ANSWER: b OTHER: Haydn, Emperor Quartet, DL 38; 0:00 - 0:16 (opening phrase) 51. Any element of music (rhythm, melody, or harmony) that continually repeats is called ____________. a. an ostinato b. a cadence c. modulation

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    Name: Class: Date: CHAPTER 02: RHYTHM, MELODY, HARMONY Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 10 d. an arpeggio e. Doo - Wop ANSWER: a 52. Pachelbel’s Canon in D is an early example of doo - wop. a. true b. false ANSWER: b Subjective Short Answer 53. Provide a brief definition of syncopation. ANSWER: placing the accent on either a weak beat or between beats 54. What makes the octave sound like the duplication of an earlier pitch, but at a higher or lower level? ANSWER: the vibrations, or cycles per second are twice as fast for a note an octave higher or half the speed for a note an octave lower 55. What is the purpose of the clef sign? ANSWER: to indicate the range of a pitch notated on the staff 56. What effect does the notational symbols of “sharp” and “flat” have on a pitch? ANSWER: sharps raise the pitch by a half step; flats lower the pitch by a half - step 57. What is the effect modulation has on our perception of music? ANSWER: gives a dynamic sense of movement, “like a change of scenery” (Schoenberg) 58. What mood or feeling is often associated with the major scale? ANSWER: generally bright, cheery, and more optimistic 59. What are the three meanings that can apply to the word “harmony”? ANSWER: pleasant sounding; accompanied; specific chords used to accompany the melody 60. Why is listening to the bass line helpful in listening to harmony? ANSWER: chords are often built on the notes in the bass, and changing pitches in that line often signal a change in chords Essay 61. Choose two compositions (popular or classical). One work should emphasize rhythm, while in the other it should not be a predominant characteristic. Compare the effect rhythm has on your perception of the two examples. ANSWER: Answer may vary 62. All musical cultures, Western and non - Western, make use the octave. Do they all use it in the same manner or are there differences? Explain. ANSWER: Pitches within the octave are divided differently: many Chinese use a pentatonic melody; some Arabic traditions have fourteen subdivisions; historically Western music has preferred the division into seven pitches, with the eighth the octave

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