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NURS231 Pathophysiology Module 2 With Answers (21 Solved Questions)

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    Module 2 Exam Question 1 3 / 3 pts True/False: Blood tests for tumor markers can make a diagnosis of cancer. Why or why not? Your Answer: False. Because they are elevated in benign conditions, and most are not elevated during early part of malignant conditions. False, only tissue can diagnose. Tumor markers are helpful to assess response to therapy or reoccurrence. Question 2 3 / 3 pts Tissue biopsy is of critical importance in what role? Your Answer: Diagnosis of the correct cancer and histology. Diagnosing the correct cancer and histology. Question 3 4 / 4 pts 1. List two signs or symptoms a patient may present with that might indicate a cancer diagnosis: 2. What are two systemic manifestations of cancer exhibited by cancer patients? Your Answer: 1. Bleeding, chest pain 2. Wasting of body fats and muscle tissues, Anorexia 1. Bleeding; sore that doesn’t heal; fluid in the pleural, pericardial, or peritoneal spaces; chest pain, shortness of breath, cough, abdominal discomfort or swelling. Other possible answers can include a mass or lump, pain (need to be specific), fatigue, fevers, weight loss 2. Weight loss, wasting of body fat and muscle tissue, weakness, anorexia, and anemia, fatigue, sleep disturbances Question 4 10 / 10 pts Explain the TNM system:

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    Your Answer: The TNM system is a detailed staging system used in cancer facilities. It classifies cancer using 3 tumor components, namely tumor, nodes and metastasis. T is the size and local spread of the primary tumor N is the involvement of the regional lymph node M is the extent of the matastatic involvement T is the size and local spread of the primary tumor. N is the involvement of the regional lymph nodes. M is the extent of the metastatic involvement. Question 5 10 / 10 pts 1. What are the three possible goals of cancer treatment? 2. How does radiation kill cancer cells? Your Answer: 1. Curative, control and palliative 2. Radiation uses high energy waves that damage or destroy cancer cells. They produce free radicals that can damage cell structure. Radiation can damage, kill cells or impair the DNA of the cell. 1. Curative, control, palliative 2. Radiation therapy uses high-energy particles or waves to destroy or damage cancer cells. This leads to the creation of free radicals, which damage cell structures. Radiation can interrupt the cell cycle process, kill cells, or damage DNA in the cells. Question 6 2.5 / 2.5 pts True/False: Cell proliferation is the process in which proliferating cells become more specialized cell types. True Correct! False False, cell differentiation Question 7 0 / 2.5 pts True/False: Cell differentiation is the process in which proliferating cells become more specialized cell types. Correct Answer

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