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Athabasca University Nutrition 331 Nursing Diagnosis Final Exam With Answers (73 Solved Questions)

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    1 / 8 Athabasca University Nutrition 331 Final Exam Prep. 1. Six Diseases that a high fibre diet helps prevent: Answer - Colon Cancer Constipation Diverticulitis Hemorrhoids Gallstones Appendicitis 2. How does a high fibre diet prevent disease: Answer - - Increases fecal bulk and speeds up transit time through the digestive system so harmful substances aren't allowed to sit there for longer. (COLON CA) - Viscous fibre lowers blood cholesterol and normalizes blood glucose. (protects against HEART DISEASE & DIABETES) - Foods with fibre prevent excessive energy intake (protects against OBESTIY) 3. What disease does Trans Fat cause & how?: Answer - Coronary Heart Disease (CHD); trans fat increases in the blood level of LDL and lowers HDL. 4. Fruits & Vegetables reduce the risk for what chronic diseases?: Answer - - Cancer - Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD; stoke, heart disease & HTN) - Eye Disease (Macular Degeneration & Cataracts) - Pulmonary Disease - Loss of cognitive ability in the elderly

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    2 / 8 5. What are the benefits of adequate UN - SATURATED fat intake for CHD Risk? - : - Polyunsaturated fats lower LDL EPA & DHA; - decrease thrombosis and - prevent arrhythmias 6. FORMULA to Calculate BMIs & Who is BMI not appropriate for: Athletes, Pregnant people and the elderly. WEIGHT KG divided by height in M and height in M again = BMI 7. Calculate the BMI; Chris 73KG & 180cm Tall: 22.5 8. List foods that are high in Sodium: soup, cheese, crackers, chips, ketchup, dill pickles, Bun & bagel are large servings making them high in sodium 9. Food high in fibre: banana, bagel and bun are refined but have modest fibre due to large serving size 10. Foods high in Vitamin D: milk, yogurts 11. Foods high in Vitamin A: cheese, skim milk and cream cheese 12. Foods high in saturated Fats: cream cheese, crackers, cookies (both types), processed cheese, beef patties, potato chips & soups could be high if made with hydrogenated vegetable oil

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    3 / 8 13. AMDRS for Energy Yielding Nutrients: 45 - 64% Carbs 20 - 35% Fat 10 - 35% Protein 14. What are vegans often lacking?: B12 & absorbable iron is found in meat, fish and eggs. Calcium & Zinc 15. Why is lung cancer more common in omnivores than vegetarians?: - vege - tarians have healthier habits making them less likely to smoke - increased fruit & vegetables intake likely protects against disease 16. What are the health benefits of a vegetarian diet? & why?: Reduced risk of; CHD, stroke, HTN, Obesity & Cancer. Due to increased Fruit/Veg intake, increased whole grains and reduced meat intake. 17. Vitamin D supplement prevent cancer; T or F: True 18. Comparison of different countries indicate that prostate cancer is more common when the diet is low in cereal. What does this finding indicate?: This study proves an association but not causation. Other lifestyle factors associated with cereal could be responsible for the findings. 19. How do fish oils affect the risk of CHD?: Fish oils specifically EPA & DHA lower the risk of CHD because; polyunsaturated fats decrease LDL, decrease then formation of thrombi, control arrythmias and lower blood triglyceride levels. 20. What fats raise LDL levels?: Saturated and Trans 21. what is metabolic syndrome?: A cluster of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes. Metabolic syndrome includes high blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist and abnormal cholesterol levels.

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    4 / 8 22. To loose one pound of fat how how much of a deficit is needed?: 3500 Kilocalories 23. What is a healthy amount of weight loss per week?: 0.5 - 1kg 24. Incidence of CHD in Britain and date: it was high before WW2 than due to cigarette and food shortages in declined and increased again after WW2; thus proving the relationship between lifestyle and CHD 25. How does a diet high in sugar contribute to obesity?: high sugar diets are often low in fibre, encourage overeating & provide less satiety than hig h fibre foods 26. How does fibre prevent type 2 diabetes?: Fibre (especially non viscous) slows the absorption of glucose and prevents spikes in glucose and insulin. Preventing spikes should help the pancreas normalize glucose levels. 27. What is the Effect of Iron enhances and Inhibitors on the absorption of heme & non - heme?: absorption of heme is not affected by inhibitors or enhancers.

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