Answer
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Step 1:: Understand the problem
The problem is asking for a term that must be present in cranes and derricks installed on floating surfaces.
Step 2:: Identify the required term
For cranes and derricks installed on floating surfaces, a stability arm or "outrigger" is required. An outrigger is a structural component that provides support to the crane or derrick, preventing it from tipping over. It accomplishes this by spreading the load over a larger area, increasing the stability of the structure.
Step 3:: Explain the application of the term in the problem
In the context of cranes and derricks on floating surfaces, outriggers are crucial for maintaining stability. These floating surfaces, such as barges or platforms, are subject to movement due to waves, currents, and wind. An outrigger helps counteract these forces by ensuring the crane or derrick remains level and secure during operations.
Final Answer
Cranes and derricks installed on floating surfaces must have an outrigger (stability arm).
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