Islamic Religion

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INTRODUCTION•With more than a billion followers worldwide, Islam is thesecond largest religion in the world.•Muslims believe that Muhammad and other divineprophets handed down the truth of their religion andexplained truths that followers still study. Despite being adistinct religion, Islam shares many similarities with otherworld religions. These similarities are a result of sharedorigins and the spread of cultures around the world.•It is with this reason we take a look at the brief history,challenges and the changing role of women in the Islamicreligion.

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Islam History.•Most historians believe that Islam originated in Meccaand Medina at the start of the 7th century.•Acentury later, the Islamic empire extended from Iberiain the west to the Indus river in the east.•Polities such as those ruled by theUmayyads(in theMiddle East and later in Iberia), Abbasids,Fatimids, andMamlukswere among the most influential powers in theworld.

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•The Islamic civilization gave rise to many centers ofculture and science and produced notable astronomers,mathematicians, doctors and philosophers during theGolden Age of Islam.•In the 13th and 14th centuries, destructive Mongolinvasions from the East, along with the loss ofpopulation in the Black Death, greatly weakened thetraditional centers of the Islamic world, stretching fromPersia to Egypt, but in the Early Modern period, theOttomans, theSafavids, and the Mughals were able tocreate new world powers again.[1]•According to tradition, the Islamic most notableprophet is Muhammad who was born in Mecca aroundthe year 570.

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