Islamic Religion

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INTRODUCTION • With more than a billion followers worldwide, Islam is the second largest religion in the world. • Muslims believe that Muhammad and other divine prophets handed down the truth of their religion and explained truths that followers still study. Despite being a distinct religion, Islam shares many similarities with other world religions. These similarities are a result of shared origins and the spread of cultures around the world. • It is with this reason we take a look at the brief history, challenges and the changing role of women in the Islamic religion.
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Islam History. • Most historians believe that Islam originated in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century. • A century later, the Islamic empire extended from Iberia in the west to the Indus river in the east. • Polities such as those ruled by the Umayyads (in the Middle East and later in Iberia), Abbasids, Fatimids , and Mamluks were among the most influential powers in the world .
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• The Islamic civilization gave rise to many centers of culture and science and produced notable astronomers, mathematicians, doctors and philosophers during the Golden Age of Islam. • In the 13th and 14th centuries, destructive Mongol invasions from the East, along with the loss of population in the Black Death, greatly weakened the traditional centers of the Islamic world, stretching from Persia to Egypt, but in the Early Modern period, the Ottomans, the Safavids , and the Mughals were able to create new world powers again. [1] • According to tradition, the Islamic most notable prophet is Muhammad who was born in Mecca around the year 570.

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