The Official Guide to the TOEFL iBT Test, Seventh Edition (2024)

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This ebook was issued toAdam L, order #138188850. Unlawful distribution of this ebook is prohibited.Adam L 138188850SdkBytes(bytes=0x0102020078ef9049f9e948fb216308852a217865b1cbfa6127cd87f4b056f194f7dd3ea12a01f889f820a2f8e1356a85f89ee46e8e780000006e306c06092a864886f70d010706a05f305d020100305806092a864886f70d010701301e060960864801650304012e3011040ce1adf832133d34a668a165d0020110802b60fcae016af4ee88e4b9a298262e741855c55f1c580adbd463788e7ec39683967287184b09553eaa51b1d9)

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The Official Guide to the TOEFL iBT®TestUsing the Digital ResourcesAuthentic TOEFL iBT test questions are used in this book. However, the screens and delivery formats are notidentical to the actual test. When you take the actual TOEFL iBT test, you may notice some variations in how thequestions are presented to you on screen.InstallationFirst, go towww.mhprofessional.com/toefl7e. Once on the site, you’ll be prompted to enter your access code—if you are using a paperback, you will find your code inside the back cover. If you are using an eBook, your codewill be in your ETS account. Please note that this code is redeemable only by you and a maximum of four times.Once you enter your access code, a download will automatically begin. This download will contain the audiofiles you need as well as files that contain the practice tests in both PC and Mac® format.Main Menu for Practice TestsWhen you launch the program, the following screen will appear:Taking TOEFL iBT® Practice Tests on Your ComputerFrom theMain Menu, choose Practice Test 1, 2, 3, or 4. Then select the test section you wish to take:Reading,Listening, Speaking, orWriting. Note that you can take each section more than once.

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When you open a test section, you will first be provided with instructions for that section. A timer on thescreen shows how many minutes and seconds you have left for that section. You can hide the timer if you find itdistracting.If you must take a break during the test, selectMain Menuat the top of the screen. This will take you back tothe main menu. When you are ready to resume, open the test section again, and select theContinuebutton.Your work will not be lost, and you will begin exactly where you left off. The timer clock will stop while you are onyour break and will restart immediately when you resume the test. Try not to take breaks too often, because onthe actual test the clock keeps running even if you leave the room on a break.Answering QuestionsTo answer the questions in the Reading and Listening sections, select the best answer or follow the instructionsgiven. For some questions, you will need to select more than one answer. Select theNextbutton to moveforward to the next question. In the Listening section, theNextbutton is enabled only after you select an answerchoice or choices. In the Reading section, you can select theNextbutton at any time to move forward to the nextquestion, and you can select theBackbutton to move back to the previous question.For the Speaking section, you should record your response to each question using a recording device afteryou hear the instruction telling you to begin speaking. Stop recording once the response time expires.For the Writing section, write your response to each question in the space provided within the time allowed.When all the questions in a section have been answered, select theNextbutton to complete the section.Playing Audio TracksIn the Listening, Speaking, and Writing sections, you will listen to audio tracks. Audio controls are available at thebottom of the screen. At the end of a track, select theNextbutton to start answering questions.Your PerformanceOn theMain Menu, select any test you have taken. The percentage of questions answered correctly will bedisplayed for only the Reading and Listening sections. By selecting a test section and then selectingReview,you will be able to review the questions from that section. For the Reading and Listening sections, you will seethe correct answer for each question and the rationale explaining why the answer is correct. For the Speakingsection, you will be provided with important points for each question, sample responses, and rater comments onthe responses. Use these to evaluate your performance on the Speaking section. For the Writing section, you willbe given topic notes, sample essays, and rater comments on the essays. Use these to evaluate your performanceon the Writing section.Audio Files for Working Through the Tests in the BookYou may choose to work with the tests printed in the book rather than with the tests on your computer. If so, youwill still need to listen to the audio tracks. Once you copy the folder named “Audio Files” to your computer, youwill be able to select the audio tracks by number as you proceed through the book. As you work through thetests in the book, a headphones symbolwill indicate each time you need to play a track. Select the numberof the track as instructed in the book.

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Copyright © 2024, 2021, 2017, 2012, 2009 by Educational Testing Service. All rightsreserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under theUnited States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproducedor distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrievalsystem, without the prior written permission of the publisher.123456789LOV292827262524Domestic EditionISBN978-1-265-47731-8MHID1-265-47731-0e-ISBN978-1-265-47787-5e-MHID1-265-47787-6Copyright © 2024, 2021, 2017, 2012, 2009. Exclusive rights by McGraw Hill formanufacture and export. This book cannot be re-exported from the country towhich it is consigned by McGraw Hill. The International Edition is not available inNorth America.ETS, the ETS logo, SpeechRater, TOEFL, TOEFL iBT, and TOEFL GO! are registeredtrademarks of Educational Testing Service (ETS) in the United States. TOEFLGOLEARN! and MyBest are trademarks of ETS in the United States and othercountries.McGraw Hill books are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiumsand sales promotions or for use in corporate training programs. To contact arepresentative, please visit the Contact Us pages at www.mhprofessional.com.McGraw Hill is committed to making our products accessible to all learners. Tolearn more about the available support and accommodations we offer, pleasecontact us at accessibility@ mheducation.com. We also participate in the AccessText Network (www.accesstext.org), and ATN members may submit requeststhrough ATN.

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ContentsContents1About the TOEFL iBT® Test1Getting Started.......................................................................................................... 1How to Use This Book.............................................................................................. 2All About the TOEFL iBT®Test................................................................................ 4Reading Section........................................................................................................ 7Listening Section.................................................................................................... 12Speaking Section..................................................................................................... 17Writing Section....................................................................................................... 19About Test Scores.................................................................................................... 21General Skill-Building Tips.................................................................................... 25Test Preparation Tips from ETS............................................................................. 32Questions Frequently Asked by Test Takers.......................................................... 332Reading Section37Reading Passages.................................................................................................... 37Reading Questions.................................................................................................. 38Basic Information and Inferencing Questions.................................................. 38Inferencing Questions......................................................................................... 45Reading-to-Learn Questions............................................................................... 51Strategies for Preparing for and Taking the Reading Section.............................. 56Practice Set 1....................................................................................................... 58Practice Set 2....................................................................................................... 69Practice Set 3....................................................................................................... 78Practice Set 4....................................................................................................... 88Practice Set 5....................................................................................................... 99Practice Set 6..................................................................................................... 110

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Contents3Listening Section121Listening Passages................................................................................................ 121Conversations.................................................................................................... 121Lectures............................................................................................................. 122Listening Questions.............................................................................................. 123Basic Comprehension Questions..................................................................... 124Pragmatic Understanding Questions............................................................... 130Connecting Information Questions................................................................. 133Strategies for Preparing for and Taking theListening Section.......................... 139Listening Practice Sets......................................................................................... 141Practice Set 1..................................................................................................... 141Practice Set 2..................................................................................................... 146Practice Set 3..................................................................................................... 151Practice Set 4..................................................................................................... 156Practice Set 5..................................................................................................... 1624Speaking Section167The Speaking Section........................................................................................... 167Speaking Tasks...................................................................................................... 169The Independent Task....................................................................................... 169The Integrated Tasks......................................................................................... 171Speaking Scoring Rubric...................................................................................... 184Independent Task: Question 1.......................................................................... 184Integrated Tasks: Questions 2, 3, and 4........................................................... 186Strategies for Preparing for and Taking the Speaking Section.......................... 188Frequently Asked Questions About the Speaking Section.................................. 189

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Contents5Writing Section191The Writing Section.............................................................................................. 191The Integrated Writing Task................................................................................. 192How the Task Is Phrased.................................................................................. 194Strategies for Taking the Integrated Writing Task.......................................... 195How Responses Are Scored.............................................................................. 197Integrated Writing Scoring Rubric.................................................................. 199Sample Scored Responses for the Integrated Writing Task........................... 201Writing for an Academic Discussion................................................................... 205How Responses Are Scored.............................................................................. 207Writing for an Academic Discussion Rubric................................................... 210Sample Scored Responses for the Academic Discussion Writing Task......... 212Practice Topics for Responding to the Writing for anAcademic Discussion Task............................................................................ 215Topic List........................................................................................................... 2156Authentic TOEFL iBT Practice Test 1217Reading.................................................................................................................. 219Listening................................................................................................................ 233Speaking................................................................................................................ 245Writing................................................................................................................... 251Answers, Explanations, andListening Scripts.................................................... 2577Authentic TOEFL iBT Practice Test 2309Reading.................................................................................................................. 311Listening................................................................................................................ 325Speaking................................................................................................................ 337Writing................................................................................................................... 343Answers, Explanations, andListening Scripts.................................................... 349

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Contents8Authentic TOEFL iBT Practice Test 3395Reading.................................................................................................................. 397Listening................................................................................................................ 411Speaking................................................................................................................ 425Writing................................................................................................................... 431Answers, Explanations, andListening Scripts.................................................... 4379Authentic TOEFL iBT Practice Test 4487Reading.................................................................................................................. 489Listening................................................................................................................ 503Speaking................................................................................................................ 517Writing................................................................................................................... 523Answers, Explanations, andListening Scripts.................................................... 52910Writer’s Handbook forEnglish Language Learners581Grammar............................................................................................................... 581Usage..................................................................................................................... 594Mechanics.............................................................................................................. 601Style....................................................................................................................... 610Organization and Development........................................................................... 616Advice to Writers................................................................................................... 629Revising, Editing, and Proofreading.................................................................... 635Glossary................................................................................................................. 638Appendix: Performance Feedback for Test Takers................................................... 643

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About theTOEFL iBT®TestgThe main features of the TOEFL iBT testgWhat kind of questions are on the testgHow you can use this book to help you prepare for the testRead thischapterto learn11This Official Guide has been created to help English language learnersunderstand the TOEFL iBT test and prepare for it. By preparing for thetest, you will also be building the skills you need to succeed in an academicsetting and go anywhere in your career and in life.Getting StartedStart your preparation for the TOEFL iBT test by reading the following importantinformation about the test, testing requirements, and your TOEFL iBT scores.Undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate programs around the worldrequire students to demonstrate their ability to communicate in English as anentrance requirement.The TOEFL iBT test gives test takers the opportunity to prove they can com-municate ideas effectively by simulating university classroom and student-lifecommunication. The language used in the test reflects real-life English languageusage in university lectures, classes, and laboratories. It is the same languageprofessors use when they discuss coursework or concepts with students. It is thelanguage students use in study groups and everyday university situations, suchas buying books at the bookstore. The academic reading passages are based ontextbooks and other academic publications.TOEFL iBT Scores Can Help You Go AnywhereThe TOEFL iBT test measures how well test takersuseEnglish, not just theirknowledge of the language. Because it is a valid and reliable test with unbiased,objective scoring, the TOEFL iBT test confirms that a student has the Englishlanguage skills necessary to succeed in an academic setting.That’s why it’s the world’s premier academic English test. TOEFL iBT scoresare accepted by more than 12,000 universities and other institutions in morethan 160 countries, including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United States,

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2About the TOEFL iBT® TestAbout the TOEFL iBT®Testthe United Kingdom, and all across Europe and Asia. The test is administeredat thousands of secure, ETS-approved test centers in more than 180 countries.More than 35 million people around the world have taken the TOEFL test to helpachieve their dreams.Who Creates the TOEFL iBT Test?The TOEFL iBT test is developed and administered by ETS, the world’s largestprivate educational testing and measurement organization. Our mission is toadvance quality and equity in education. Providing fair, valid, and reliable assess-ments is central to why we exist.Who Is Required to Take the TOEFL iBT Test?Most colleges and universities where English is the language of instructionrequire an English proficiency test. The TOEFL iBT test is the most widelyaccepted English-language test worldwide, so it’s a great choice to meet thoserequirements. Be sure to check with each institution where you are applying toconfirm what scores they accept.How Is the TOEFL iBT Test Used in the Admissions Process?Your test scores will be considered together with other information you supplyto the institution to determine if you have the appropriate academic and lan-guage background to be admitted to a regular or modified program of study.Often, your field of study and if you are applying as a graduate or undergraduatestudent will determine what TOEFL iBT scores you need.Is There a Minimum Acceptable Score?Each institution that uses TOEFL iBT scores sets its own minimum level of accept-able performance. These minimums vary from one institution to another, depend-ing on factors such as the applicant’s field of study, the level of study (undergraduateor graduate), whether the applicant will be a teaching assistant, and whether theinstitution offers English as a Second Language support for its students.How to Use This BookThis book and its digital resources give you instruction, practice, and advice onstrategies for performing well on the TOEFL iBT test.bChapter 1provides an overview of the test, information about test scores,and an introduction to the on-screen appearance of the different parts ofthe TOEFL iBT test, along with general test-taking suggestions.

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