ATI TEAS 7

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QAll TEAS7Study online at https://quizlet.com/_es6m7kRole of Liver‘Enzymes from liver deaminate amino acids*convert ammonia Io urea‘metabolize consumed toxinsstore glucose to glycogenChymeStomach secretion mixtureincludes mucus (lines the stomach), hydrochloric acid, andpepsinogenCytotoxic T cell‘Recruited by h e l p e r ! ceil via cytokinesis*kill any cell containing pathogens antigen signatureRole of Duodenum‘First portion of the small intestine‘most chemical digestion here but no real absorption‘Pancreatic secretions collect here for neutralizing HCI‘Gallbladder Bile is alkaline to help neutralize acid‘brush border enzymes produced hereRole of Jejunumabsorption of nutrients mostly herebronchopulmonary segmentsEach lung lobe has its own bronchus and own arteryolecranialBack of elbowPepsinogen‘enzyme that breaks down peptides in the stomach‘found in chyme‘is converted to pepsinMacrophage‘AKA Antigen-presenting cell‘digests pathogens and presents antigen to helper T CellRole of Large Intestine‘absorbs remaining waler: Salts‘Vitamin K absorbed here‘digested material exposed to bacterial terminationRenin‘hormone that regulates retention of water and salts: stimulatesrelease of aldosterone that helps retain water and salts‘regulates BP in controlling water and salt retentionP>1ale Gamete production‘LH released in testes to produce more testosterone‘sperm production when testosterone and FSH released in thetestesHigh Blood sugarincrease glucose signals pancreatic beta-cells to release insulin,promoting cell uptake to decrease BGLactealslymphatic vessels of small intestine that absorb digested lipidsIleum characteristicsAbsorbs what jejunum doesnt absorbabsorb polar hydrophilic digested nutrients into blood‘Absorb Lipids (into chylomicrons transporters) and Vitamin B12Histamines‘part of innate (natural) immunity‘causes local swelling and recruits WBCsPerinealb/w anus and genitalsErythropoietin‘produced in the renal cortex‘hormone for RBC productionFemale Zygote Implantation‘Corpus luteum: empty ovary follicle stimulate release of proges-terone‘progesterone promotes zygote implantation on the uterine en-dometriuminnate immunity‘non-specific immune response‘first line of defenses are the skin, mucus secretions‘our microbiota help fight certain pathogensSuralCalfFemale Gamete production‘FSH released in ovaries to produce more estrogen‘Estrogen cause ova to mature in ovaries' follicle and causesuterine endometrium Io thicken

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‘LH surge causes ovum to be release into fallopian lube to befertilizedInterfereonsprotein that interferes with viral replication in host cellsNatural Killer CellsKill host cells w/ intracellular pathogens (Ex: virus)Adaptive immunity‘Specific response to specific pathogen‘Immune response when innate immunity failsAmylase‘Enzyme in saliva‘breaks down starch {carbohydrates)buccalcheekGranulocytes‘basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils‘derived from myeloblastLow Blood Sugartriggers pancreatic alpha-cells to release glucagon which breaksdown glycogen to glucose Io increase EGacromialshoulderHelperT Cell functionActivates either a E cell or cytotoxic T cellAgranulocytes‘derive from lymphoblast‘Monocytes (dendritic cell or macrophage) and lymphocytes (Bcells, t cells, and Natural killer cells)Ghrelinhormone that induces hungerLeplinhormone that gives sensation of satiety (full)Breathing control‘Medulla oblongala: monitors blood CO2 and blood pHGlucagonEnzyme release from alpha-cells in the pancreas lhal breaksdown glycogen to glucoseInsulinEnzyme release from beta-cells in the pancreas that promotecellular uptake of BGPdemory cells‘derived from B cells‘remember specific antigen for future exposure‘rapidly lum Io plasma cells when exposed to antigenMitral/ Bicuspid valveconnects left atrium Io left ventricleTricuspid valveconnects right atrium to right ventricleE cells‘originate and mature from bone marrow‘recruited by helper T cells for specific antigen Io divide rapidly toplasma cellsAdrenal glands‘located one on each kidney‘excretes epinephrineGonadotropin-releasing hormonerelease from hypothalmus causes release of follicle-stimulatinghormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH); both stored in pi-tuitary glandVitamin D‘helps intestine absorb calcium‘produced by the kidney(active form) and skinOxytocine‘released from pressure of the fetus head causing cervicalstretching* the stretching releases oxytocin from piluilary gland to causemore contractions, to stretch the cervix even moreBlood plasma*CO2 85% dissolved Io maintain pH‘granulocytes and agranulocytes found hereLymphatic system‘drains into circulatory system‘lymph Hows from cellular interstitial spaces into lymph ducts althe capillaries‘transports blood and hormones‘takes to lymph nodes

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Lipase’found in saliva’breaks down lipidsCoxahipPubertyBegins with hypothalamus releasing Gonadotropin-releasing hor-moneCoccygealtailbonePineal glandlocated at the center of the brain, releases melatoninUrea*a form of nitrogen, turns into ammonia’excreted via urineCruralShinLipid-based hormones’Easily enter cells because of lhe phospholipid bilayer of the cellmembrane’enlercell Io regulate DNAPlasma Cells’Derived from B cells’produce large number of antibodies that bind to an antigenCytokinesproleins produced by helper T cells to activate cytotoxic T cellsType II alveolar cellscontains surfactant: lipoprotein reduces surface tension of thealveoliVitamin KAbsorbed al large intestinePurinesAdenine and GuaninePyrimidines (3)cytosine, thymine, uracilCarbohydrates ?Slarch and sugarInterphase cell rep□NA replicatesProphase cell repDNA condensed into chromosomes, identical sisler chromatidsMetaphase"Middle", chromosomes line upSaccharidea simple sugar or combination of sugars; a carbohydrateDepositionGas to solid stateSublimationSolid Io gas staleTriple pointAll slates of matter coexistCritical pointLiquid and gas coexistPancreas and secretinReleases secretin to release bicarbonate to raise pH so enzymeswork wellWhat is the respiratory system responsible for?Taking in oxygen from the environment and releasing carbondioxideWhal are lhe structures of the respiralory system?moulh. nose, nostrils, throal. larynx, thraceabronchi bronchiole,right lung, and left lungWhat does lhe nose do?Lei in oxygen and let out co2Whal is the larnyx?voice boxwhal is the Irachea?windpipeWhal is is the bronchioles?Extension of the bronchiWhal are alveoli?sacs at the end of each bronchoilesWhat is the function of the respiratory system?-exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.- to maintain pH in the blood oxygen passes from the alveoli intothe blood lhe air will flow into your lungsWhat disease affect the respiratory system?Asthma. Bronchitis, PneumoniaAllergies(The passage way is narrow)What is theCardiovascularsystem madeof?the heart, blood vessel, and the blood

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