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Accounting /Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Symptoms

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Symptoms

Accounting10 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This deck covers key concepts related to cardiovascular risk factors, symptoms, and diagnostic criteria. It includes information on modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, symptoms of chest pain, dyspnea, palpitations, and syncope, as well as general examination techniques.

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What are the non-modifiable cardiovascular risk factors?

Non-modifiable risk factors include age, male gender, post-menopausal women, coronary heredity, and familial hypercholesterolemia.

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Key Terms

Term

Definition

What are the non-modifiable cardiovascular risk factors?

Non-modifiable risk factors include age, male gender, post-menopausal women, coronary heredity, and familial hypercholesterolemia.

What are some modifiable cardiovascular risk factors?

Modifiable risk factors include smoking, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, abdominal circumference, metabolic syndrome, and...

What characterizes typical angina pain?

Typical angina pain is constrictive or burning, located retrosternally or mediothoracically, often radiating to the left shoulder, inner arm, and jaw,...

What are the stages of dyspnea in heart failure according to the NYHA classification?

Stage I: Dyspnea with unusual effort; Stage II: Dyspnea with significant daily activities; Stage III: Dyspnea with minimal effort; Stage IV: Dyspnea a...

What symptoms are associated with acute pulmonary edema?

Acute pulmonary edema presents with sudden respiratory distress, rapid shallow breathing, anxiety, orthopnea, frothy sputum, and bilateral crackles.

What are the key symptoms of a myocardial infarction?

Myocardial infarction symptoms include intense chest pain, wide radiation, lasting over 15 minutes, and not relieved by rest or nitrates.

What is the significance of jugular venous distension?

Jugular venous distension indicates increased right ventricular filling pressures, often due to heart failure, pericarditis, or cardiac tamponade.

What are the main causes of syncope?

Syncope can be caused by vascular issues (e.g., orthostatic hypotension), cardiac problems (e.g., arrhythmias), neurological conditions (e.g., epileps...

What is the purpose of measuring abdominal circumference?

Abdominal circumference is an excellent indicator of intra-abdominal fat, with specific thresholds for men (<94 cm) and women (<80 cm) indicating risk...

What does auscultation of the heart involve?

Heart auscultation involves listening for normal heart sounds (B1, B2), murmurs, and pericardial friction rubs, assessing their timing, intensity, and...

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Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Symptoms

Term	Definition
What are the non-modifiable cardiovascular risk factors?	Non-modifiable risk factors include age, male gender, post-menopausal women, coronary heredity, and familial hypercholesterolemia.
What are some modifiable cardiovascular risk factors?	Modifiable risk factors include smoking, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, abdominal circumference, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension.
What characterizes typical angina pain?	Typical angina pain is constrictive or burning, located retrosternally or mediothoracically, often radiating to the left shoulder, inner arm, and jaw, and usually lasts less than 15 minutes.
What are the stages of dyspnea in heart failure according to the NYHA classification?	Stage I: Dyspnea with unusual effort; Stage II: Dyspnea with significant daily activities; Stage III: Dyspnea with minimal effort; Stage IV: Dyspnea at rest.
What symptoms are associated with acute pulmonary edema?	Acute pulmonary edema presents with sudden respiratory distress, rapid shallow breathing, anxiety, orthopnea, frothy sputum, and bilateral crackles.
What are the key symptoms of a myocardial infarction?	Myocardial infarction symptoms include intense chest pain, wide radiation, lasting over 15 minutes, and not relieved by rest or nitrates.
What is the significance of jugular venous distension?	Jugular venous distension indicates increased right ventricular filling pressures, often due to heart failure, pericarditis, or cardiac tamponade.
What are the main causes of syncope?	Syncope can be caused by vascular issues (e.g., orthostatic hypotension), cardiac problems (e.g., arrhythmias), neurological conditions (e.g., epilepsy), metabolic imbalances, psychiatric disorders, or toxins.
What is the purpose of measuring abdominal circumference?	Abdominal circumference is an excellent indicator of intra-abdominal fat, with specific thresholds for men (<94 cm) and women (<80 cm) indicating risk.
What does auscultation of the heart involve?	Heart auscultation involves listening for normal heart sounds (B1, B2), murmurs, and pericardial friction rubs, assessing their timing, intensity, and location.