2025 ATI TEAS 7 Science Part 1
This flashcard set reviews essential concepts in human anatomy and physiology, including heart structure, homeostasis, types of proteins, fat storage functions, and the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis. It's ideal for students in biology or health sciences.
the largest chamber of the heart is the left
ventricle
Key Terms
the largest chamber of the heart is the left
ventricle
a tendency of the body to maintain a balanced internal state
homeostasis
what are the 3 types of proteins
globular, fibrous, membrane
adipocytes are seen in adipose and fat tissue. they store ____ and maintain proper energy balance by storing calories in the form of _____. they also mobilize energy sources in response to ______.
fat, lipids, stress
ribosomes synthesize
proteins
in a chemical change, a _____ substance is produced
new
ex: adding baking soda to a recipe to make it less sour, frying an egg, burning wood
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
the largest chamber of the heart is the left | ventricle |
a tendency of the body to maintain a balanced internal state | homeostasis |
what are the 3 types of proteins | globular, fibrous, membrane |
adipocytes are seen in adipose and fat tissue. they store ____ and maintain proper energy balance by storing calories in the form of _____. they also mobilize energy sources in response to ______. | fat, lipids, stress |
ribosomes synthesize | proteins |
in a chemical change, a _____ substance is produced | new |
in a physical change, the material involved is structurally the ________ before and after the change | same |
in an ionic bond, valence electrons are | transferred |
how many layers of tissues does the uterus have? | 3 (inner endometrium, middle myometrium, outer perimetrium) |
what parts of the body produce melanin? | hair, iris, skin |
purine bases | A, G |
pyrimidine bases | T, U, C |
base pairs | AT (U), GC |
enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions by | lowering the activation energy of the reaction, either forward or backward |
an ionic bond is between a | metal and nonmetal |
what is a hypothetical explanation for an occurrence that is based on prior knowledge called? | hypothesis |
lying flat on your back | supine |
lying on your belly | prone |
on the periodic table, where are the elements with the largest atomic radii found? | bottom left corner |
endocytic vesicles are formed when | the plasma membrane surrounds a particle outside the cell |
the duodenum receives chyme and | further digests it |
homeostasis is primarily maintained by what feedback loops? | negative |
enzymes change shape when they bind to their | substrates |
enzyme activity is sensitive to changes in | temperature |
the axon carries action potential (sends out stimuli) in the direction of a ________ | synapse |
what mainly determines a bond's polarity? | electronegativity |
proteins are made of | amino acids |
codons are made of | 3 nucleotide bases |
nucleotides are made of | a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a sugar molecule |
hormones that increase with age: | FSH, LH, TSH, PTH, norepinephrine, testosterone, estrone |
the cell cycle is a part of | interphase |
an acidosis means a pH lower than ____ and too much ____ in the blood | 7.45, CO2 |
what is the primary function of phospholipids in cell membranes? | form bilayer structures that regulate the passage of molecules in and out of cells |
bacterial cells reproduce by | binary fission |
what is the addition of water molecules to break down covalent bonds within macromolecules | hydrolysis |
the cecum is where the _______ ____ ______ _________ meet | small and large intestines |
interpreter RNA | tRNA |
which hormone is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the body? | PTH |
factors most likely to affect the rate of a chemical reaction | temp, concentration, presence of a catalyst |
which hormone is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels? | insulin |
bile is made in the LIVER and stored in the | gallbladder |
which eukaryotic organelle is referred to as the "powerhouse" due to its role in producing ATP and apoptosis? | mitochondrion |
what is the primary source of energy for muscle contraction? | ATP |
what happens when atoms are rearranged to form new substances? | chemical reaction |
antibodies, AKA immunoglobulins, are proteins produced by | B cells |
what solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at the current temperature? | saturated solution |
where does fertilization of an egg typically occur | the fallopian tubes |
what is the role of bile? | emulsify fats for digestion in the small intestine |
urine flows through the body in the following order | kidneys, ureter, bladder, urethra |
the following are functions of which body system? | endocrine |
which muscle tissue is under voluntary control? | skeletal |
which muscle tissues are under involuntary control? | smooth and cardiac |
smooth muscle tissue is found in the walls of | internal organs |
cardiac muscle tissue is found only in the | heart |
-blast | create new tissue |
-clast | break down or resorb tissue |
totipotent stem cells | differentiate into any cell type and form an organism |
pluripotent stem cells | differentiate into many cell types but cannot form an organism independently |
multipotent stem cells | differentiate into a limited number of cell types |
when you eat a fatty food, the gallbladder releases ______ into the _________________, where it mixes with semi-digested food | bile, small intestine |
H | hydrogen, nm |
lithium | Li, metal |
sodium | Na, metal |
potassium | K, metal |
Be | beryllium, metal |
Mg | magnesium, metal |
calcium | Ca, metal |
Sr | strontium, metal |
Ba | barium, metal |
Mn | Manganese, metal |
Fe | iron, metal |
cobalt | Co, metal |
nickel | Ni, metal |
copper | Cu, metal |
zinc | Zn, metal |
silver | Ag, metal |
gold | Au, metal |
platinum | Pt, metal |
mercury | Hg, metal |
lead | Pb, metal |