Bio 160: Chapter 3 - Cells
This flashcard set covers essential concepts related to cell organelles, especially lysosomes and vacuoles, including their functions, associated enzymes, and pathways. It also includes key facts about cell structures found in all living cells and the importance of surface area-to-volume ratio in cell size.
Lysosomes are membrane-bounded vesicles that arise from which of the following organelles?
Golgi apparatus
Key Terms
Lysosomes are membrane-bounded vesicles that arise from which of the following organelles?
Golgi apparatus
The lysosome contains which type of enzymes?
enzymes that break down large molecules into smaller molecules
What cells will be expected to contain the greatest number of lysosomes?
white blood cells
What might occur in a cell lacking lysosomes?
1. Old and worn-out cell parts would not be recycled.
2. Digestion of bacteria that are engulfed by the cell would not take place.
3. Synthes...
What parts of the cell did hydrolytic enzymes pass through on their way to lysosomes? Select all that apply.
1. Golgi apparatus
2. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
What structure in plant cells stores salts, sugars, and pigments, contains enzymes that recycle and degrade molecules, and expands to exert turgor pressure?
central vacuole
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Lysosomes are membrane-bounded vesicles that arise from which of the following organelles? | Golgi apparatus |
The lysosome contains which type of enzymes? | enzymes that break down large molecules into smaller molecules |
What cells will be expected to contain the greatest number of lysosomes? | white blood cells |
What might occur in a cell lacking lysosomes? | 1. Old and worn-out cell parts would not be recycled. |
What parts of the cell did hydrolytic enzymes pass through on their way to lysosomes? Select all that apply. | 1. Golgi apparatus |
What structure in plant cells stores salts, sugars, and pigments, contains enzymes that recycle and degrade molecules, and expands to exert turgor pressure? | central vacuole |
Plant cells do not contain contractile vacuoles, and watering plants causes their cytoplasm to become more dilute. What happens when a plant is watered? | the cells shrink |
Select all the structures that are found in all living cells. | 1. DNA |
Which of the cells below has the largest ratio of surface area to volume? Click the blue box next to the correct answer. | Bottom Left. This is because the surface area to the volume ratio gets larger as the cell gets smaller and vice versa. |
Consider your knowledge about the cell membrane and check all of the true statements below. | 1. Phospholipids can self-assemble into a sphere without the help of proteins. |
Label the parts of the phospholipid. | |
Complete the table by dragging each structure name or description into the appropriate place. | 1. |
Complete the table by dragging each structure name or description into the appropriate place. | 1. |
Complete the table by dragging each structure name or description into the appropriate place. | 1. |
Select all of the following that are true of the middle, lipid portion of the phospholipid bilayer. | 1. Allows lipids and small, nonpolar molecules through |
Select all of the following that are true of the phospholipid bilayer. | 1. The fatty acid chains of the phospholipids make the middle section hydrophobic. |
Select all of the following that are found in both animal and plant cells. | - peroxisome |
What is one way that bacterial and archaeal cells differ from each other? | Their cell membranes are made of different kinds of molecules. |
Drag each label to all of the domains to which it applies. | Domain Bacteria |