Biology NEET - XII: Chapter 2- Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Part 1
This flashcard set covers Chapter 2 – Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants (Part 1) for NEET Biology Class XII. It focuses on floral anatomy, anther structure, and key terminologies for efficient concept recall and exam preparation.
In a flower, what is the proximal end o fthe filament attached to?
Thalamus or petal
Key Terms
In a flower, what is the proximal end o fthe filament attached to?
Thalamus or petal
How many wall layers surround the microsporangium of an anther? Name them.
4- Epidermis, endothecium, middle layers and tapetum
Which layers of microsporangium help in dehiscence of anther?
Epidermis, endothecium and middle layers
Which cells are also known as pollen mother cell?
Cells of sporogenous tissue
What represent the male gametophyte in angiosperms?
Pollen grain
What is the diameter of a typical pollen grain?
25-50 μm
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
In a flower, what is the proximal end o fthe filament attached to? | Thalamus or petal |
How many wall layers surround the microsporangium of an anther? Name them. | 4- Epidermis, endothecium, middle layers and tapetum |
Which layers of microsporangium help in dehiscence of anther? | Epidermis, endothecium and middle layers |
Which cells are also known as pollen mother cell? | Cells of sporogenous tissue |
What represent the male gametophyte in angiosperms? | Pollen grain |
What is the diameter of a typical pollen grain? | 25-50 μm |
What is the shape of generative cell of a pollen grain? | Spindle shaped |
How long does the viability of pollen grains last in cereals? | 30 minutes |
What is the cavity of ovary called? | Locule |
Where is the placenta located in a flower? | Inside locule |
What are the megasporangia of flower? | Ovules |
How many ovules are found per ovary in wheat? | One |
What is the stalk through which the ovule in plants attaches to the placenta called? | Funicle |
Which is the basal part of the ovule? | Chalaza |
The female gametophyte of angiosperm is represented by | Embryo sac |
Where is the megaspore mother cell present in an ovule? | In the micropylar region of nucellus |
How many megaspore mother cells generally differentiate in an ovule? | One |
What is meant by monosporic development? | Three of the four megaspores formed from megaspore mother cell in an ovule degenrate, and only one functional megaspore develops into female gametophyte. This is known as monosporic development. |
The flowers of plants that never open are called | Cleistogamous flowers |
How many plant genera show water pollination? | 30 |
Where does the moth deposit its eggs in the Yucca plant? | In the locule of the ovary |
Is castor monoecious or dioecious? | Monoecious |
Pollen-pistil interaction refers to which event? | Events from deposition of pollen on the stigma to the entry of pollen tube into the ovule |
At which end of the ovule does the embryo develop? | Micropylar end |
Arrange the following in the order of development: | embryo Proembryo Globular embryo Heart-shaped embryo Mature embryo |
Where is the root cap present in a dicot embryo? | Over the root tip |
WHat is the root tip of dicot embryo called? | Radicle |
What does the epicotyl of monocot embryo contain? | Shoot apex, leaf primordia, coleoptile |
WHat is the fertilised ovule of plants called? | Seed |
Is perisperm found in beet? | Yes |
What is the percentage of moisture by mass of a dormant seed? | 10-15% |
The oldest recorded viable seed belongs to the plant | Lupinus arcticus |
Apomixis is common in which plant family? | Asteraceae and families of grasses |
What is amphimixis? | Sexual reproduction involving the fusion of two different gametes to form a zygote. |
WHat is microsporophyll in angiosperms? | Stamen |
Monothecous stamen is found in which family of plants? | Family Malvaceae |
What do the inner walls of endothecium of microsporangium have? | α- cellulosic fibres |
What do the radial walls of endothecium have? | Callose bands |
How many layers are present in middle layers of microsporangium of plants? | 1-3 |
What type of cells are present in middle layers of microsporangium of plants? | Parenchymatous cells |
Which layer of microsporangium is ephemeral in nature? | Middle layers |
Which wall layer is present in immature anther but not in mature anther? | Middle layers |
What are the places where α- cellulosic fibres are absent in endothecium of microsporangium called? | Stomium |
What is the significance of stomium? | These are the places where dehiscence of anther occurs |
What is the significance of α- cellulosic fibres in endothecium of microsporangium ? | It makes the endothecium hygroscopic which leads to absorption of moisture and bursting of anther. |
Which layer of microsporangium forms sporopollenin and pollen kit? | Tapetum |
Which type of tapetum leads to the degeneration of middle layers because of absorption of all its food? | Amoeboid tapetum |
Which type of tapetum formes proeubisch bodies? | Glandular tapetum |
How are proeubisch bodies converted into eubisch bodies? | Proeubisch bodies are covered in sporopollenin to form eubisch bodies. |
Where does the glandular tapetum release the eubisch bodies? | Inside the pollen chamber |
Which substance attaches the microspores in a microspore tetrad together? | Callose |
How does the callose layer of microspore tetrad dissolve? | By the callase enzyme secreted by tapetum |
What type of microspore tetrad is found in monocots? | Tetrahedral |
What type of microspore tetrad is found in most dicots? | Isobilateral |
Name the different types of microspore tetrads? | Tetrahedral, isobilateral, decussate, t-shaped and linear |
What is the exine of pollen grain made of? | Cutin and sporopollenin |
Which layer of pollen grain forms the pollen tube? | Intine |
What is the study of pollen grains called? | Palynology |
What kind of development- ex-situ or in-situ is found in pollen grains? | In-situ development [Pollen grains develop in pollen grains, that is in-situ] |
What is the fertilisation in which pollen tube is formed called? | Siphonogamy |
WHich plant has the longest pollen tube? | Maize |
What is the pollen kit composed of? | Lipids and carotenoids |
What is the colour of pollen kit? | Yellow |
The generative cell of pollen grain has a large nucleus. True/false? | False | The vegetative cell has a large nucleus while the generative cell has a small nucleus. |
Pollinium is found in which family of plants? | Asclepiadaceae (eg- calotropis) |
When all the pollen grains join together as in calotropis, what is the structure formed called? | Pollinium/translator apparatus |
Hay fever is caused by | Ambrosia |
Largest pollen grains belong to the plant | Mirabilis jalapa |
Smallest pollen grain is found in the plant | Myocystis |
Longest pollen grain is found in | Zostera |
Hilum fuses with the main body of ovule to form | Raphe |
What type of cells are present in nucellus of ovule? | Parenchymatous |
What forms funicle and integuments of ovule? | Chalaza |
What is the proliferation of the integumentary cells at the micropylar region in castor called? | Caruncle |
How many integuments are found in the ovule of Santalum? | Zero |
How many integuments are found in gamopetalae? | One |
How many integuments are found in sunflower? | One |
How many integuments are found in polypetalae? | Two |
How developed is the nucellus of gamopetalae? | Poorly developed (tenuninucellate) |
How developed is the nucellus of polypetalae? | Well developed (crassinucellate) |
How developed is the nucellus of most monocots? | Well developed (crassinucellate) |
In which type of ovule does the micropyle, chalaza and funicle lie in a straight line? | Orthotropous |
Which type of ovule is found in most gymnosperms (on the basis of orientation)? | Orthotropous |
Which is the most primitive type of ovule on the basis of orientation? | Orthotropous |
Which type of ovule is found in polygonum (on the basis of orientation)? | Orthotropous |
Which type of ovule rotates by an angle of 180° and bends along the funicle? | Anatropous |
In which type of ovule does the micropyle lie close to the hilum? | Anatropous |
Which type of ovule (on the basis of orientation) is found in legumes? | Anatropous |
Which type of ovule curves more or less at a right angle? | Campylotropous |
Which type of ovule (on the basis of orientation) is found in brassica? | Campylotropous |
Which type of ovule turns at a right angle along the funicle? | Hemianatropous |
Which type of ovule (on the basis of orientation) is found in Ranunculus? | Hemianatropous |
In which type of ovule is the curvature of the ovule extremely pronounced and the embryo sac also becomes curved? | Amphitropous |
Which type of ovule (on the basis of orientation) is found in Mirabilis jalapa? | Amphitropous |
Which type of ovule turns 360° along the funicle? | Circinotropous |
Which type of ovule (on the basis of orientation) is found in Euphorbia? | Circinotropous |
The nucellus of ovule develops from | Placenta |
Which is the first cell of female gametophyte? | Functional megaspore |
When do the polar nuclei form the secondary nucleus? | When the pollen tube touches the embryo sac |
Filiform apparatus is present in antipodal cells. True/false? | True | But it is non functional |