What is known as urinary bladder of embryo of birds and reptiles?
Allantois
Key Terms
What is known as urinary bladder of embryo of birds and reptiles?
Allantois
What is the function of allantois in human embryo?
Forms umbilical cord blood vessels and wharton's jelly
Where does the primitive streak appear in blastula?
On dorsal surface of epiblast
What is the function of primitive streak in blastula?
Decides embryonal axis and bilateral symmetry
Which layers is the source of all germ layers in blastula?
Epiblast
Which layer of blastula has prospective mesodermal and endodermal cells?
Epiblast
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What is known as urinary bladder of embryo of birds and reptiles? | Allantois |
What is the function of allantois in human embryo? | Forms umbilical cord blood vessels and wharton's jelly |
Where does the primitive streak appear in blastula? | On dorsal surface of epiblast |
What is the function of primitive streak in blastula? | Decides embryonal axis and bilateral symmetry |
Which layers is the source of all germ layers in blastula? | Epiblast |
Which layer of blastula has prospective mesodermal and endodermal cells? | Epiblast |
Which cells get incorporated with hypoblast to form endoderm? | Prospective endodermal cells of epiblast |
What does the primitive node turn into in embryo? | Hensen's node |
What does the hensen's node of embryo have? | Prospective mesodermal cells |
What do the prospective mesodermal cells of embryo form? | Notochord |
Which is the first organ formed in an embryo? | Heart |
Which is the first organ system formed in emryo? | Nervous system |
What is the ectodermal region which forms nervous system called? | Neural plate |
What forms the central nervous system in embryo? | Neural tube |
What forms the peripheral nervous system in embryo? | Neural crest |
What are the six possible maternal and fetal barriers of placenta? | Maternal endothelium, connective tissue, ectoderm | Fetal endothelium, connective tissue, ectoderm |
What is epitheliochorial placenta? | Placenta in which all 6 maternal and fetal barriers are present |
What is syndesmochorial placenta? | Placenta in which 5 barriers are present, maternal epithelium is broken |
What in endothelialchorial placenta? | Placenta in which 4 barriers are present, maternal epithelium and maternal connective tissue are lost |
WHat is hemochorial placenta? | Placenta in which only fetal barriers are present, maternal blood bathes fetal chorion |
What is hemoendothelial placenta? | Placenta in which only one barrier- fetal endothelium is present |
Which type of placenta on the basis of number of placental barriers is found in humans? | Hemochorial placenta |
Which type of placenta on the basis of number of placental barriers is found in horse? | Epitheliochorial placenta |
Does allantois form placenta in humans? | No, human placenta has chorion only |
What is non deciduate placenta? | Only fetal part of placenta is delivered |
What is deciduate placenta? | Both fetal and maternal part of placenta are delivered |
What is central decidual placenta? | Both fetal and maternal part of placenta are not delivered |
What is diffused placenta? | Chorionic villi are uniform in distribution |
What is cotyledonary placenta? | Chorionic villi form clusters |
What is intermediate placenta? | Both diffused and cotyledonary type |
What is meta discoidal placenta? | Chorionic villi were diffused initially, later form clusters |
What is discoidal placenta? | Chorionic villi arranged in disc shape |
What is embryo called after 8 weeks? | Foetus |
In which month does the foetus have the maximum growth rate? | 4th month |
What effect does smoking have on foetus of pregnant mother? | Cleft lip and cleft plate |
What gives the first stimulus for parturition? What is the stimulus? | Fetus | Prostaglandin F |
What gives the second stimulus for parturition? What is the stimulus? | Placenta | human Chorionic corticotrophin (hCATCH) |
What are the three stages of parturition? | Dilation stage Expulsion (of fetus) stage Shedding of the placenta |
What part of fetus comes out first during parturition? | Head |
What causes the shift of placental ventilation to pulmonary ventilation in infant? | Nitric oxide |
How does placenta provide immunity to fetus? | Via IgG antibodies |
What is the function of human chorionic thyrotrophin? | Stimulates maternal thyroid gland to increase thyroid hormone release |
What is human chorionic somatomammotropin also known as? | Human placental lactogen |
When is the peak of relaxin hormone from time of fertilization? | 14th week and time of delivery |
Which vessels are present in the umbilical cord? | 2 arteries and 1 vein |
Which blood does the umbilical artery carry? | Deoxygenated blood |
Which blood does the umbilical vein carry? | Oxygenated blood |
Is the blood in umbilical vessels fetal or maternal? | Fetal |