Back to AI Flashcard MakerEarth Science /Earth and Space Science Unit 1 test Part 2
Earth and Space Science Unit 1 test Part 2
This flashcard deck covers essential concepts in Earth and Space Science, focusing on landforms, mapping, and geographic terminology. It includes definitions and explanations of various geographic features and mapping techniques.
Relief
the difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Relief
the difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area
landform
a feature of topography, such as a hill or valley, formed by the processes that shape Earth's surface
Plains
a landform made up of nearly flat or gently rolling land with low relief
Coastal plain
plain that lies along a seacoast; low elevation and low relief
Interior plain
plain that lies away from a coast; low relief, elevation can vary (midwest)
Mountains
a landform with high elevation and high relief and usually occur as part of a mountain range
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Relief | the difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area |
landform | a feature of topography, such as a hill or valley, formed by the processes that shape Earth's surface |
Plains | a landform made up of nearly flat or gently rolling land with low relief |
Coastal plain | plain that lies along a seacoast; low elevation and low relief |
Interior plain | plain that lies away from a coast; low relief, elevation can vary (midwest) |
Mountains | a landform with high elevation and high relief and usually occur as part of a mountain range |
Mountain range | a group of mountains that are closely related in shape, structure, area, and age |
mountain system | the different mountain ranges in a region (ex. Bitterroot Mountains are a range in Rocky Mountains) |
Mountain belt | A larger unit of mountain ranges and mountain systems in a long, connected chain |
Plateaus region | a large area of land where the topography is made up of mainly one type of landform (ex. uplands, lowlands or basin) |
Map | A flat model of all or part of Earth's surface us seen from above |
Globe | a sphere that represents Earth's entire surface |
Maps and globes | are drawn to scale and use symbols to represent topography and other features on Earth's surface |
Scale | Relates distance on a map to a distance on Earth's surface |
Symbols | used by mapmakers and can be shapes or pictures to stand for features on Earth's surface; can stand for a physical feature or a man-made feature |
Equator | an imaginary line between the North and South |
Prime Meridian | imaginary line connecting North and South poles dividing Earth onto Western and Eastern hemisphere |
Latitude | distance in degrees north and south of the equator |
Longitude | distance in degrees east and west of prime meridian |
Degree | is 1/360 of a way around a circle; unit that helps scientists locate position on Earth's surface |
map projection | framework of lines that helps in transferring points on Earth's 3-D surface onto a flat map; three types: |
Mercator Projection | lines straight, land near poles distorted |
equal area projection | distorts shapes around edges of map |
conic projection | longitude lines straight, latitude lines curved |
surveying | process where mapmakers determine distances and elevations using instrument and the principles of geometry |
computers have revolutionized mapmaking because? | mapmakers can digitize data, or convert locations of map points to numbers automatically generate maps which would take a person hours to draw Produce maps from many data sources such as satellites and the global positioning system (GPS) |
Global Positioning System (GPS) | a method of finding latitude, longitude, and elevation of points on Earth's surface by using a network of satellites |
satellite image | pictures of the Earth's surface made up of thousands of tiny dots called pixels |
topographic map | map showing the surface features of an area using symbols to portray the land as if you were looking from above |
Contour lines | represent elevation, relief and slope and connect points of equal elevation |
contour intervals | change in elevation from one contour line to another |
index contour | darker line than the others and are labeled with the elevation above sea level in round units |