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Foundations of Microbiology
This deck covers fundamental concepts in microbiology, including types of microorganisms, their characteristics, and modes of infection and immunity.
the study of microorganism is
microbiology
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
the study of microorganism is
microbiology
disease-producing microorganisms are termed
pathogenic
non pathogenic are
non-disease producing organisms
virulent diseases are capable of
causing a serious disease
aerobes
require oxygen to grow
bacteria that grow in the absence of oxygen and are destroyed by oxygen are
anaerobes
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
the study of microorganism is | microbiology |
disease-producing microorganisms are termed | pathogenic |
non pathogenic are | non-disease producing organisms |
virulent diseases are capable of | causing a serious disease |
aerobes | require oxygen to grow |
bacteria that grow in the absence of oxygen and are destroyed by oxygen are | anaerobes |
organisms that grow in the presence or absence of oxygen are | facultative anaerobes |
a single celled microscopic animal without a rigid cell wall | protozoa |
a provirus is what | hidden virus during the latency period |
very tiny infectious agents that do not contain DNA or RNA | prions |
some bacteria can change into a highly resistant form called a | spore |
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare | chronic brain disease with onset in middle to late life |
oral candidiasis | yeast (fungal) infection of the oral mucosa |
HBV is a virus necessary for confection with | HDV |
HAV is a virus spread by what route | fecal-oral |
MRSA is a bacterium that is resistant to | some antibiotics |
the father of microbiology | Joseph Lister |
who is credited for discovering the rabies vaccine | Louis Pasteur |
the name of staining process for separating bacteria is | gram test |
bacterial shapes include | spherical (cocci), rod (bacilli), spirochetes |
bacteria are considered to be “gram-positive” when | they appear dark purple under microscope |
bacteria are considered “gram negative” when | colourless or nearly invisible under microscope |
capsules are | a protective layer covering cell wall (increases bacterias ability to resist body defence mechanism) |
true or false: viruses are smaller than bacteria but can cause fatal disease | true |
virus latency | can lie dormant in host cells and be reactivated in future |
Joseph lister used what on dressings and for aerosol control | carbolic acid |
what is cell specific | a virus |
protozoa is less likely to cause _ but may cause_ | disease, but may cause damage |
fungi can present itself where | orally, GI tract, genital tract |
prions are ___ based particles | protein |
the chain of infection consists of 6 links which are | infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host |
an infectious agent requires a pathogen | to be present in sufficient numbers |
a reservoir is a place where microorganisms normally | live and reproduce |
portal of exit | path by which pathogen leaves the host |
modes of transportation | direct transmission, indirect transmission, parenteral transmission, blood borne, food and water, fecal-oral |
portal of entry | means of entering the body to cause infection |
susceptible host | a person who is unable to resist infection by the pathogen |
acute infection | short duration, severe symptoms |
chronic infections | long duration or life long |
latent infection | persistent infection in which symptoms come and go |
the immune system is responsible for providing resistance against | communicable diseases |
inherited immunity | present at birth |
acquired immunity | naturally (getting virus or infection), artificially (vaccination) |
airborne transmission is also known as | droplet infection |
hepatitis and HIV are examples of what kind of transmission | direct |
aerosols are the smallest particle size | true |
largest particle size | spatter |
parenteral transmission also known as | percutaneous (through the skin) |