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Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /Hair Chemistry: Foundations Ch 06 Vocabulary Chemistry and Chemical Safety Part 1

Hair Chemistry: Foundations Ch 06 Vocabulary Chemistry and Chemical Safety Part 1

Anatomy and Physiology31 CardsCreated 2 months ago

This deck covers key vocabulary and concepts related to chemistry and chemical safety as applied to hair care, including pH levels, chemical reactions, and the properties of various substances.

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A solution that has a pH below 7 (neutral).

Acidic solution
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
A solution that has a pH below 7 (neutral).
Acidic solution
When acids are mixed with alkalis in equal proportions, balancing the total pH and forming water (H2O) and a salt.
Acid-alkali neutralization reactions
A solution that has a pH above 7 (neutral).
Alkaline solution
Also known as bases; compounds that react with acids to form salts.
Alkalis
Alkaline substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products.
Alkanolamines
Acids derived from plants (mostly fruit) that are often used to exfoliate the skin.
Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs)
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Hair Chemistry: Foundations Ch 06 Vocabulary Chemistry and Chemical Safety Part 1
TermDefinition
A solution that has a pH below 7 (neutral).
Acidic solution
When acids are mixed with alkalis in equal proportions, balancing the total pH and forming water (H2O) and a salt.
Acid-alkali neutralization reactions
A solution that has a pH above 7 (neutral).
Alkaline solution
Also known as bases; compounds that react with acids to form salts.
Alkalis
Alkaline substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products.
Alkanolamines
Acids derived from plants (mostly fruit) that are often used to exfoliate the skin.
Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs)
Colorless gas with a pungent odor that is composed of hydrogen and nitrogen.
Ammonia
An ion with a negative electrical charge.
Anion
The smallest chemical components (often called particles) of an element; structures that make up the element and have the same properties of the element.
Atoms
A substance that causes or is believed to cause cancer.
Carcinogen
An ion with a positive electrical charge.
Cation
A change in the chemical composition or make-up of a substance.
Chemical change
Characteristics that can be determined only by a chemical reaction and a chemical change in the substance.
Chemical properties
Science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter and how matter changes under different conditions.
Chemistry
Material that is capable of igniting and burning.
Combustible
Rapid oxidation of a substance accompanied by the production of heat and light.
Combustion
A chemical combination of two or more atoms of different elements in definite (fixed) proportions.
Compound molecules (aka compounds)
Subatomic particles with a negative charge.
Electrons
The simplest form of chemical matter; it cannot be broken down into a simpler substance without a loss of identity.
Element
Molecule containing two or more atoms of the same element in definite (fixed) proportions.
Elemental molecule
An ingredient that brings two normally incompatible materials together and binds them into a uniform and fairly stable mixture.
Emulsifier
An unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances (substances that normally will not stay mixed) plus a special ingredient.
Emulsion
Chemical reaction that requires the absorption of energy or heat from an external source for the reaction to occur.
Endothermic reaction
Chemical reaction that releases a significant amount of heat.
Exothermic reaction
Material that is capable of igniting and burning, and easier to ignite than combustible material.
Flammable
Sweet, colorless, oily substance used as a solvent and as a moisturizer in skin and body creams.
Glycerin
An alpha hydroxy acid used in exfoliation and to lower the pH of products.
Glycolic acid
Capable of combining with or attracting water (water loving).
Hydrophilic
Liquids that are not capable of being mixed together to form stable solutions.
Immiscible
Substances that should not be mixed or even stored near each other.
Incompatible
An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge.
Ion