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HOSA: Med Term Endocrine Part 3

Medicine30 CardsCreated 3 months ago

This deck covers key terms and concepts related to endocrine system disorders and hormones, including definitions and descriptions of various conditions and hormones.

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describe ANDROGENS

sex hormones secreted by gonads, adrenal cortex, & fat cells; primarily composed of testosterone to develop & maintain male characteristics
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
describe ANDROGENS
sex hormones secreted by gonads, adrenal cortex, & fat cells; primarily composed of testosterone to develop & maintain male characteristics
define TESTOSTERONE
steroid hormone from testicles & adrenal cortex to develop male secondary sex & sperm production
define STEROIDS
large family of hormones derived from cholesterol that relieve swelling & inflammation (estrogen, testosterone, cortisol, etc)
describe ANABOLIC STEROID
man-made chemically related male sex hormone to treat hormone issues in men & replace muscle mass lost from disease
name some hormones fat cells secrete
leptin & ghrelin
describe LEPTIN
hormone secreted by fat cells & regulate appetite by acting on hypothalamus to suppress appetite & burn fat
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HOSA: Med Term Endocrine Part 3
TermDefinition
describe ANDROGENS
sex hormones secreted by gonads, adrenal cortex, & fat cells; primarily composed of testosterone to develop & maintain male characteristics
define TESTOSTERONE
steroid hormone from testicles & adrenal cortex to develop male secondary sex & sperm production
define STEROIDS
large family of hormones derived from cholesterol that relieve swelling & inflammation (estrogen, testosterone, cortisol, etc)
describe ANABOLIC STEROID
man-made chemically related male sex hormone to treat hormone issues in men & replace muscle mass lost from disease
name some hormones fat cells secrete
leptin & ghrelin
describe LEPTIN
hormone secreted by fat cells & regulate appetite by acting on hypothalamus to suppress appetite & burn fat
define GHRELIN
hormone secreted by fat cells & made in GI tract responsible for hunger
define NEUROHORMONES
produced & released by neurons in brain rather than endocrine glands via blood stream
define ADENITIS
inflammation of gland
define ADENOCARCINOMA
malignant tumor originating in glands & can spread
describe MESENTERIC ADENITIS
inflammation of lymph nodes in abdomen; s/s: similar to appendicitis
define APPENDICITIS
inflammation of appendix bc of blockage leading to infection
define ADENOMA
benign tumor start in epithelial tissue
define ADENOSIS
any disease/condition of gland
describe ACROMEGALY
rare abnormal enlargement of hands, feet, & face from malfunction of hypothalamus/anterior pituitary leading to excess GH after puberty
define GIGANTISM
abnormal growth of entire body from excessive growth hormone before puberty
define HYPERPITUITARISM
excess secretion of growth hormone causing acromegaly & gigantism
define HYPOPITUITARISM
pituitary gland doesn't make enough GH
define PITUITARY ADENOMA
slow growing & benign tumor
aka: pituitary adenoma
pituitary tumor
define FUNCTIONAL PITUITARY TUMORS
make lots of hormones unregulated (ACTH, growth, prolactin, TSH)
define GALACTORRHEA
excess prolactin causes milk to be produced to spontaneously
define PROLACTINOMA
benign functional pituitary tumor where the pituitary makes too much prolactin causing infertility in women, erectile dysfunction, & vision impairment
describe DIABETES INSIPIDUS
not related to diabetes mellitus & uncommon; not enough ADH or kidneys can't respond to ADH so the resulting imbalance of fluid leads to extreme thirst & frequent pee
describe SYNDROME OF INAPPROPRIATE ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE SECRETION (SIADH)
overproduction of ADH leads to hypervolemia & hyponatremia so the kidneys don't excrete H2o causing bloating 7 water retention; cause: cancer/cancer treatment
describe PINEALOMA
pineal tumor that disrupt melatonin production
define THYROID CARCINOMA
most common cancer of endocrine system
describe HYPOTHYROIDISM
deficiency of thyroid secretion w/fatigue, depression, sensitivity to cold, & decreased metabolism
aka: hypothyroidism
underactive thyroid
hashimoto's disease
autoimmune where thyroid glands destroyed * inflammation contributes to hypothyroidism