Back to AI Flashcard MakerPsychology /Psychotherapy: 88b - Sleep Disorders

Psychotherapy: 88b - Sleep Disorders

Psychology12 CardsCreated about 2 months ago

This flashcard set highlights key facts about sleep disorders, including narcolepsy with cataplexy—which is linked to low levels of orexin (hypocretin)—and the gold-standard treatment for insomnia, which is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). CBT addresses sleep habits and thought patterns and is effective in the majority of cases.

Which neurotransmitter is likely to be low in people with Narcolepsy with Cataplexy? (Narcolepsy Type 1)

Orexin (aka hypocretin)

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

Which neurotransmitter is likely to be low in people with Narcolepsy with Cataplexy? (Narcolepsy Type 1)

Orexin (aka hypocretin)

What is the most effective treatment for insomnia?


Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

  • Effective in 75% of cases

  • Stimulus control, sleep restriction, relaxation techniques<...

What causes narcolepsy?

Destruction of orexin-producing cells

  • Remmeber, orexin stabilizes the “awake” state

How do you differentiate between narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia?

Both have excessive daytime sleepiness

If narcolepsy, may also have:

How is restless leg syndrome treated?


  • Replace iron in patients with serum ferritin <75 mcg/L

  • Dopamine agonists or prebablin/gabapentin

What is a parasomnia?

Unpleasant or undesirabel behavioral or expiremental phenomena that occurs predominantly or exclusively during the sleep...

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TermDefinition

Which neurotransmitter is likely to be low in people with Narcolepsy with Cataplexy? (Narcolepsy Type 1)

Orexin (aka hypocretin)

What is the most effective treatment for insomnia?


Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

  • Effective in 75% of cases

  • Stimulus control, sleep restriction, relaxation techniques

What causes narcolepsy?

Destruction of orexin-producing cells

  • Remmeber, orexin stabilizes the “awake” state

How do you differentiate between narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia?

Both have excessive daytime sleepiness

If narcolepsy, may also have:

  • Sleep paralysis

  • Vivid dreams

  • Cataplexy

How is restless leg syndrome treated?


  • Replace iron in patients with serum ferritin <75 mcg/L

  • Dopamine agonists or prebablin/gabapentin

What is a parasomnia?

Unpleasant or undesirabel behavioral or expiremental phenomena that occurs predominantly or exclusively during the sleep period

Can be NREM or REM sleep parasomnias

REM Behavior Disorder is often an early symptom of which kind of neurodegenerative disease?

Synucleinopathy

Remember REM Behavior Disorder = acting out dreams; diminished atonia during REM sleep

What is the most effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea?

CPAP

How do you differentiate between obstructive sleep apnea and central sleep apnea?

  • Obstructive

    • Breathing stops but effort persists

  • Central

    • No effort made to breathe

What is hypersomnia?

What are some of the common causes?

Excessive daytime sleepiness

  • Inadequate sleep at night

  • Poor quality of sleep

    • May be due to OSA, restless leg syndrome, other

  • Effect of medication or substance

  • If the above are ruled out, may be a primary disorder of daytime sleepiness

    • Narcolepsy

    • idiopathic hypersomnia

How do you differentiate NREM and REM parasomnias?

  • NREM

    • Arousal from NREM sleep

    • Sleeper can perform complex tasks, but they are not aware

    • Ex: sleep walking

  • REM behavior disorder (RBD)

    • Dream enactment behavior 90+ min after the onset of sleep

    • Diminished atonia in rem sleep

    • May accidentally injure themselves or bed partner

    • May be an early symptom of synucleinopathy

What medications can be used to treat insomnia?

  • GABAA agonists

    • -zazoles

    • Benzos (but not great for sleep)

  • Orexin antagonists

  • Melatonin