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Psychotherapy: 96b - Classification and Diagnosis

Psychology2 CardsCreated about 2 months ago

This flashcard set reviews key concepts in psychiatric diagnosis. It notes that the DSM-III marked a major shift to polythetic criteria, requiring a subset of symptoms from a list rather than all symptoms—making diagnosis more standardized and descriptive. It also clarifies the difference between reliability (consistency of diagnosis) and validity (accuracy and usefulness of diagnosis, including predictive validity).

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The DMS shifted to polythetic criteria in DSM-___

What does this mean?

The DMS shifted to polythetic criteria in DSM- III

  • Introduced “total number” and “cutoff number” of symptoms/criteria

  • The DSM-III is also known as the “atheoretical” period

    • More description of symptoms

    • Less focus on meaning behind symptoms
      (@Freud was most likely unhappy)

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

The DMS shifted to polythetic criteria in DSM-___

What does this mean?

The DMS shifted to polythetic criteria in DSM- III

  • Introduced “total number” and “cutoff number” of symptoms/...

What is the difference between reliability and validity in psychiatric diagnosis?


  • Reliability

    • Different clinicians come to the same diagnosis for...

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Psychotherapy: 96b - Classification and Diagnosis
TermDefinition

The DMS shifted to polythetic criteria in DSM-___

What does this mean?

The DMS shifted to polythetic criteria in DSM- III

  • Introduced “total number” and “cutoff number” of symptoms/criteria

  • The DSM-III is also known as the “atheoretical” period

    • More description of symptoms

    • Less focus on meaning behind symptoms
      (@Freud was most likely unhappy)

What is the difference between reliability and validity in psychiatric diagnosis?


  • Reliability

    • Different clinicians come to the same diagnosis for the same patient

    • The same patient presenting at different times gets the same diagnosis

  • Validity

    • Face validity - the diagnosis is right (?)

    • Predicted validity - can predict course, consequences of progression

    • Construct validity - sensitivity and specificity

    • Validity is hard to achieve in psychiatric diagnoses due to complexity of human behavior and cognition

Reliability is necessary but not sufficient for validity