TEAS Practice Test (Science Portion) Part 2
During DNA replication, DNA polymerase proofreading acts as the cell's first line of defense against mutations. It checks and corrects errors by removing mismatched nucleotides before continuing replication.
A cell uses which of the following as the first-line of defense against mutations during DNA replication?
a) cell death
b) excision repair
c) mismatch repair
d) DNA polymerase proofreading
DNA polymerase proofreading
Key Terms
A cell uses which of the following as the first-line of defense against mutations during DNA replication?
a) cell death
b) excision repair
c) mismatch repair
d) DNA polymerase proofreading
DNA polymerase proofreading
After passing through the stomach, food enters into what structure?
a) duodenum
b) jejunum
c) ileum
d) cecum
Duodenum
Which of the following is the term given to multiple forms of a gene that are produced by mutation?
a) adaptation
b) DNA
c) allele
d) natural selection
Allele
During mitosis and cell division, spindle fibers are associated with what organelle?
a) centrosomes
b) lysosomes
c) mitochondria
d) vacuoles
Centrosome
In which of the following parts of the gastrointestinal tract does that absorption of water primarily occur?
a) stomach
b) small intestine
c) cecum
d) colon
Colon
During which of the following stages of development do individual tissue layers begin to form?
a) embryo formation
b) zygote development
c) gastrulation
d) differentiation
Gastrulation
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
A cell uses which of the following as the first-line of defense against mutations during DNA replication? | DNA polymerase proofreading |
After passing through the stomach, food enters into what structure? | Duodenum |
Which of the following is the term given to multiple forms of a gene that are produced by mutation? | Allele |
During mitosis and cell division, spindle fibers are associated with what organelle? | Centrosome |
In which of the following parts of the gastrointestinal tract does that absorption of water primarily occur? | Colon |
During which of the following stages of development do individual tissue layers begin to form? | Gastrulation |
Which of the following represents the number of different cells formed upon completion of mitosis II? | 4 |
Which of the following is a property of bases? | Liberates OH- in solution |
During which of the following stage of interphase is mRNA synthesized? | G1 |
A harmful example of a catalytic reaction involves the breakdown of ozone by use of_______ | Chlorine ions |
Phenotypes are seen due to the production of ___ from the genotypic code found in the cell nucleus | Proteins |
Receiving a vaccination against a particular disease results in which of the following types of immunity? | Active |
The veins of the upper part of the body are responsible for transporting blood to what area of the heart? | Superior vena cava |
The spleen and thoracic duct are part of which system? | Lymphatic |
Nucleotides are to DNA as amino acids are to ____? | Protein |
Which of the following taxonomic ranks are the most specific? | Species |
For a given substance, the gas phase (compared to the liquid phase) is considered to have ___ intermolecular attractions and to exist at ___ temperatures | Weaker; higher |
Which of the following pulls air into the body during inspiration? | Diaphragm |
Which of the following is the chemical formula for octyne? | C8H14 |
Which of the following describes how inhibitors affect the reaction rate of enzymes? | They block the active site of the substrate, causing greatly reduced activity |
Water's ___ bonding results in a ___ ratio of hydrogen to oxygen | Covalent; 2:1 |
During which process does RNA relay information to the ribosomes? | Translation |
In which of the following is urine stored? | Bladder |
In a medication study population A is given the medication, and population B is given a placebo. What describes population B? | Control group |
What organ produces bile that begins the breakdown of fat? | Liver |
2 reasons for conducting scientific investigations | Establishing procedures. Involving quality of life. |
An example of an investigation that has led to radically new designs that improve the quality of life | Prosthetics, organs |
List the six parts of a scientific argument | Problem identification. Question asking. Hypothesis development. Data collection and experimentation. Analysis. Conclusion. |
How does a scientific argument change over time? | A bias may be shown, or results can not be repeated |
Give two reasons why scientific research is dependent on technology | Data is recorded in numbers. Relationships are established by graphs and formulas. Numerical models are used to describe mathematical relationship. |
Without mathematics, scientific research would not be possible. Explain why this is true. | If mathematics were not used, scientific descriptions would be purely qualitative in nature. |
Describe how mathematics and science have increased communication in the corporate world. | Fiber optics have increased communication speed and processing time. |
List two industries that benefit from advancement of mathematical and technological skills. | Forensics, cosmology, meteorology |
What is deductive reasoning ? | Deductive reasoning is when conclusion follow a general principle |
What is inductive reasoning ? | Inductive reasoning is when conclusions are formed from specific facts |
Where on the body can epithelial tissue be found? | Skin |
Where on the body can connective tissue be found? | Bone |
Where on the body can muscle tissue be found? | Heart |
Where on the body can nervous tissue be found? | Brain |
The smallest parts of elements that can still retain all the original properties of the element | Atoms |
A chemical bonding of atoms that possesses its own characteristics independent of the atoms themselves | Molecule |
Specific molecules combining form what? | Cells |
What are cells also known as? | The basic unit of all life |
Cells combine in terms of function and type to form what? | Tissues |
2 or more tissue types work together to perform a specific function at what level?v | The organ level |
What performs extremely complex functions? | Organs |
When organs work together to perform a task the result is what? | Organ system |
How many organ systems are there in the human body? | 11 |
What is the highest level of organization? | Organism |
What is the result of all organ systems working together within the body? | Organism |