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Pain Management and Analgesics

Anatomy and Physiology10 CardsCreated 16 days ago

This deck covers the pathophysiology of pain, opioid and nonopioid analgesics, opioid receptors, and the classification of opioid drugs. It also includes information on the management of headaches and the use of cyclooxygenase inhibitors.

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What are the three types of stimuli that can trigger pain impulses?

Mechanical, thermal, and chemical stimuli.

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Key Terms

Term
Definition
What are the three types of stimuli that can trigger pain impulses?
Mechanical, thermal, and chemical stimuli.
What effects do mu opioid receptors provide?
Analgesia, respiratory depression, euphoria, and physical dependence.
What is the primary use of naloxone (Narcan)?
To reverse opioid-induced respiratory depression and sedation.
How does morphine provide pain relief?
By mimicking endogenous opioid peptides and activating mu receptors.
What is the main adverse effect of morphine that requires monitoring?
Respiratory depression.
What are the routes of administration for fentanyl?
Parenteral, transdermal, and transmucosal.

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Pain Management and Analgesics
TermDefinition
What are the three types of stimuli that can trigger pain impulses?
Mechanical, thermal, and chemical stimuli.
What effects do mu opioid receptors provide?
Analgesia, respiratory depression, euphoria, and physical dependence.
What is the primary use of naloxone (Narcan)?
To reverse opioid-induced respiratory depression and sedation.
How does morphine provide pain relief?
By mimicking endogenous opioid peptides and activating mu receptors.
What is the main adverse effect of morphine that requires monitoring?
Respiratory depression.
What are the routes of administration for fentanyl?
Parenteral, transdermal, and transmucosal.
What is the mechanism of action for tramadol (Ultram)?
Combination of opioid and nonopioid actions.
What are the two main types of headaches?
Primary (e.g., migraine, tension-type) and secondary (e.g., due to hypertension, infections).
What is the role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in migraines?
Promotes vasodilation and inflammation.
What is the main difference between first-generation and second-generation NSAIDs?
First-generation NSAIDs inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2, while second-generation primarily inhibit COX-2.