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Step 1:I'll solve this problem by explaining the composition of DNA ladder steps.
Step 2:: Understanding DNA Structure
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) ladder steps are composed of complementary base pairs connected by hydrogen bonds. These base pairs are: - Adenine (A) - Thymine (T) - Guanine (G) - Cytosine (C)
Step 3:: Base Pairing Rules
The base pairs always connect in a specific manner: - Adenine (A) always pairs with Thymine (T) - Guanine (G) always pairs with Cytosine (C)
Step 4:: Hydrogen Bond Connections
These base pairs are held together by hydrogen bonds, which form the "steps" of the DNA ladder.
Step 5:: Structural Details
- The base pairs are attached to sugar-phosphate backbones - These backbones form the "sides" of the ladder - The base pairs form the "rungs"
Final Answer
The DNA ladder steps are made of complementary base pairs (A-T and G-C) connected by hydrogen bonds, forming the internal structure of the DNA double helix.
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