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Step 1:I'll solve this problem by explaining the structure of DNA molecules.
Step 2:: DNA Backbone Composition
The sides (or backbone) of a DNA molecule are made up of alternating sugar and phosphate molecules. Specifically: - The sugar is deoxyribose (a 5 -carbon sugar) - The phosphate groups connect these sugar molecules
Step 3:: Sugar-Phosphate Structure
\text{DNA Backbone} = \text{Deoxyribose Sugar} + \text{Phosphate Group}
The sugar-phosphate bonds form a continuous chain on each side of the DNA molecule, creating a structural "backbone" that supports the entire DNA structure.
Step 4:: Chemical Bonding
These sugar and phosphate molecules are connected through covalent phosphodiester bonds, which link the 3' carbon of one sugar to the 5' carbon of the next sugar.
Step 5:: Structural Characteristics
- The backbone is negatively charged due to the phosphate groups - This backbone provides structural stability to the DNA molecule - The sugar-phosphate sides run in opposite directions (antiparallel)
Final Answer
The sides of a DNA molecule are made up of alternating deoxyribose sugar and phosphate molecules, connected by phosphodiester bonds, forming a negatively charged, stable backbone.
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