Kami Export Biological Molecules POGIL

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Biological MoleculesWhat are the building blocks oi life?Why?From the smallest single-celled organism to the tallest tree, all life depends on the properties and reactionsof four classes olorganic(carbon-based) cornpounds??:carbohydrates, lipids, proteins,andnucleicacids.These organic molecules are the building blocks of all living things, and are responsible for most oflhe structure and functions of the body, including energy storage, insulation, growth, repair, communica-tion, and transfer ol hereditary information. Simple organic molecules can be [oined together to Jorm allthe essential biological molecules needed for life.

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. I.Use Model 1 to show which atoms are present in each type of molecule by listing the symbol foreach atom included. Carbohydrate has been done for you.a.Carbohydrate— C, 1 1 , 0cAmino acid—11, 0. Nb.Llptd— cH.0d.Nucleic acid— C, H. D N P2. Which type of molecule includes an example with a long-chain carbon backbone?The iipkl rriofecufe has the longest cartori backbone3- In rhe molecule relerred to in the previous question, what is rhe dominant element attached tothe carbon backbone?The second n-ofil dominant rlen-ent is hydrogen4. The latly acid chain oi the lipids is ohen referred to as a hydrocarbon chain. Discuss with yourgroup why the chain is given this name and write a one-sentence definition tor a hydrocarbon.A hydrocarbon is an organic compound made of hydrogen arid carbon hence why its caBed hydro carbon5. Which molecule has a central carbon atom with lour different components around it?Ftio molecule 1bal 'ms a cohlrai carbciTi with our different components around is proleins6. Which molecule has a sugar, nitrogenous base, and phosphate group?Tin? molrcule with sugar■mir . jcrt base phosphor- aienucleic *cid7. Discuss with your group members some similarities among all tour types of molecules. List asmany as you can.I lrf=v Bit have Carbol,,■■/ctroqe' . oxyge?- They all have covalent bonds8. What is the chemical formula ol the first carbohydrate molecule shown?9- What three structural groups shown do all amino acids have in common?TbPV■-I have ar. amiriF group as w H■■r.-rhov,acid but not a':• -ivp I he . ariable10. 1 here are 20 naturally-occurring ammo acids, ami each one only varies in the structure of IheR side chain. Two amino adds are shown in Mtnlel 1. What are the R side chains in each?Hie R variable for alanine acidis rTietliyl CH-, And For Cysteine Acrd IS Cli -SHRead This!During chemical reactions, the Itonds in molecules are continually broken and reformed. 1 o break abond, energy must be absorbed. When bonds are formed, energy is released. Il more energy is releasedthan absorbed during a chemical change, rhe process can be used as a source ol energy. A general rule forprocesses such as respiration is the more carbon atoms there are in a molecule, the more energy thatmolecule can provide to the organism when it is used as food.

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