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Macromolecules Building Blocks of Life for Elephan

Learn how macromolecules—carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins—serve as the building blocks of life. Explore their roles in energy, structure, and repair through the diets of elephants and lions in this nutrition-based investigation.

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    Name: Sophie Venezia Date: Macromolecules: What are the building blocks of life? Background Information: From the smallest single-celled organism to the tallest tree, all life depends on the properties and reactions of four classes of organic (carbon-based) compounds— carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids We will spend an entire unit later in the year on nucleic acids. Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins are the 3 building blocks of all living things that we will focus on this unit. These are called MACROmolecules because they are large molecules. They are responsible for most of the structure and functions of the body, including energy storage, insulation, growth, repair, and communication. Simple organic molecules can be joined together to form all the essential biological molecules needed for life. Directions: Table 1 shows a sample elephant diet and Table 2 shows a sample lion diet based on the animal nutrition lab. Using the background information, predict the main function of the macromolecules found in their diet. Table 1 Table 2 Elephant proteins {%) fats (%) carbs {%] aialfa hay 19.0 - 56.0 grass hay 11.0 - 55.0 timothy hay 3.0 - 80.9 Lion proteins {%) fats {%) carbs (%} beef 50.0 3.9 - deer 80.7 6.3 - pig 50.7 33.2 - • Elephant o Proteins' □ carbohydrates: Carts work as a main source of energy to fuel daily life. • Lion ... p r o t e j R S . The pnr w i act as a repair wjpplemenl to repair things such as llsaues. D Fats: Tile fats are cr main source of energy and help make growth.

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    Directions: Analyze Model 1 and answer the questions that follow. MODEL 1: Macromolecules of Life are made from repeating smaller monomer units such as glucose, glycerol and glycine. Lipid Protein H i H - C - O H H H ,0 \ 1 // H-C-OH N - C - C / 1 x H H 0”H H-COM 1 H Glycine Glycerol Key: H = Hydrogen; O = Oxygen; C = Carbon; N = Nitregen Questions: 1. A complete carbohydrate is a macromolecule. This means that it is a large or small molecule. (Choose one} Large 2. Use Model 1 to show which atoms are present in each type of molecule by listing the symbol for each atom included (an atom = element in the molecule). Carbohydrate has been done for you. a. Carbohydrate: C. H, 0 b. Lipid: C, H, 0 c. Protein: 0 3. List 3 similarities between the 3 types of macromolecules. SL They aFl contain Hydrogen. Oxygen, and Carbon b All are macromolecules c All a source of energy 4. List 3 Differences between the 3 types of macromolecules. 2L Combined differently b lipids release energy faster c carbs take longer to digest

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