QQuestionBiology
QuestionBiology
What are the four steps of protein synthesis (in order)?
A. DNA is transcribed into mRNA
B. mRNA is translated into amino acids
C. Amino acids form a chain
D. The amino acid chain is folded into protein in the endoplasmic reticulum
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Answer
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Step 1:I'll solve this problem by presenting the four steps of protein synthesis in the correct order:
Step 2:: DNA Transcription
- The process begins in the cell nucleus - DNA serves as a template to create messenger RNA (mRNA) - RNA polymerase enzyme reads the DNA sequence and creates a complementary mRNA strand
Step 3:: mRNA Processing
- The initial mRNA (pre-mRNA) is modified - Introns are removed - A protective cap and poly-A tail are added - The mature mRNA is then transported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm
Step 4:: Translation (Protein Assembly)
- The mRNA arrives at the ribosome in the cytoplasm - Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring specific amino acids - Amino acids are linked together in a specific sequence based on the mRNA's genetic code - This creates a growing polypeptide chain
Step 5:: Protein Folding and Modification
- The amino acid chain is folded into its specific three-dimensional shape - This typically occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus - Folding is crucial for the protein's final functional structure
Final Answer
1. DNA transcription to mRNA 2. mRNA processing 3. Translation of mRNA into amino acids 4. Protein folding and modification
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