Biology Questions and Answers

"Which one of the following best describes the sliding filament theory? A. The sliding filament theory explains muscle contraction. B. The sliding filament theory describes how light travels. C. The sliding filament theory is a theory of chemical reactions. D. The sliding filament theory is about geological plate movement."

Select the descriptions that apply to the thylakoid. - [ ] The thylakoid membrane is the site of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis. - [ ] The thylakoid membrane is the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. - [ ] Thylakoids are arranged within the chloroplast into numerous membrane folds called cristae. - [ ] The thylakoid membrane is the site of an electron transport chain that generates cellular energy from biochemical energy. - [ ] The thylakoid membrane is the site of an electron transport chain that generates cellular energy from light energy. - [ ] Thylakoids are arranged within the chloroplast into stacks of coin-shaped discs called grana.

"Why is man not considered a mammal? a) Because humans do not have hair or fur. b) Because humans do not produce milk. c) Because humans have a different skeletal structure. d) Because humans do not give birth to live young. e) Because humans do not have mammary glands."

"In the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, there were issues with: A. Informed consent B. All of the above C. Research ethics D. The right to autonomy In what primary way do researchers respect participants?"

List the similarities and differences between the terms: hematopoiesis and erythropoiesis.

Which phrase is the best definition of a gene? ○ a specific segment of DNA on a chromosome ○ the DNA found in gametes ○ all of the DNA that makes up a chromosome

"Which best defines homeostasis? A. Modifying the external environment B. Maintaining a stable internal environment C. Controlling what enters and exits the cell D. Movement of materials into the cell"

"Q7. A SimCell with a water-permeable membrane that contains 20 hemoglobin molecules and 480 water molecules is placed in an extracellular fluid that contains 40 dextrose molecules and 960 water molecules. Which of the following should happen? A. More water molecules will flow from the SimCell into the extracellular fluid than from the extracellular fluid into the SimCell. B. More water molecules will flow from the extracellular fluid into the SimCell than from the SimCell into the extracellular fluid. C. There will be no movement of water molecules across the membrane. D. Water molecules will move back and forth equally across the membrane."

What are five abiotic factors and five biotic factors in the tropical rainforest?

"What is an example of a biological hazard? A. Norovirus B. Chlorine C. Insulation D. Hair"

Can paramecium be harmful? How so?

How do cells regulate gene expression using alternative RNA splicing? - ☐ Alternative RNA splicing determines which proteins are produced from each gene. - ☐ Alternative RNA splicing determines which genes are transcribed to mRNA. - ☐ Alternative RNA splicing determines how fast certain proteins are degraded. - ☐ Alternative RNA splicing determines which genes are underexpressed.

Codons are found on which molecule? A. DNA B. mRNA C. tRNA D. Proteins

What Kingdom and Phylum do sponges belong to?

"Where does photosynthesis occur in a leaf? State which organelles carry out photosynthesis and which type or types of leaf cells have this organelle."

Which cell organelle processes and moves materials and acts as a cell's transport facility?

Which phrase best defines a biome? A. an interacting community of different species B. a community and its abiotic factors C. a large area dominated by specific kinds of organisms D. a group of individuals of the same species

1. The most common cause of sympatric speciation in plants is polyploidy. True False 2. If q = .2, then 2pq equals 0.8 0.32 0.16 0.4 3. Acquired traits can be inherited. True False

How is the T4 phage different from the lambda phage? The T4 phage contains double stranded DNA as its genetic material, the lambda phage contains RNA. The lambda phage contains double stranded DNA as its genetic material, the T4 phage contains RNA. The lambda phage is capable of entering the lysogenic cycle, T4 phage are strictly lytic. The T4 phage is capable of entering the lysogenic cycle, lambda phage are strictly lytic. The T4 phage infects bacterial cells, the lambda phage infects animal cells.

Select the statement(s) that accurately describe the vacuole organelle. A. Plant cells have many small vacuoles that store water. B. Animal cells have many small vacuoles that can store nutrients, water, or waste. C. Animal cells have one large vacuole that can store water, food, or waste. D. Plant cells have only one large vacuole that stores water. E. The vacuole is used for storage in both plant and animal cells.

What are the advantages of recombination during meiosis? Check All That Apply Check All That Apply $\square$ increased genetic variation $\square$ segregation of homologous chromosomes into separate daughter cells during meiosis I $\square$ reduced rates of nondisjunction $\square$ segregation of sister chromatids into separate daughter cells during meiosis II

Is the nucleolus in plant cells, animal cells, or both?

Why does DNA travel toward the positive electrode during gel electrophoresis?

Describe the symbiotic relationship that exists between the cuckoo and the warbler in an environment without predators.

Consider your knowledge about the cell membrane and check all of the true statements below. Check All That Apply Cell membranes are present in only two of the three domains of life.Cell membranes are present in only two of the three domains of life. In water, phospholipids spontaneously arrange into a bilayer.In water, phospholipids spontaneously arrange into a bilayer. The area within a phospholipid bilayer, near the fatty acid tails, is hydrophilic.The area within a phospholipid bilayer, near the fatty acid tails, is hydrophilic. Steroids in cell membranes allow the membrane to be more fluid.Steroids in cell membranes allow the membrane to be more fluid. Phospholipid bilayers surround all eukaryotic cells.Phospholipid bilayers surround all eukaryotic cells. Membrane proteins offer structural support to the membrane but have no other function. Membrane proteins offer structural support to the membrane but have no other function. Both plant and animal cell membranes are considered fluid mosaics.

Which of the following is an example of mutualism? * 5 points - ☐ A wasp injects its eggs inside the body of a caterpillar. - ☐ A bird builds a nest in a tree. - ☐ A human uses a dog to protect a flock of sheep. The dog is given food and shelter. - ☐ A flower grows next to a bush.

Which of the following build (s) new strands of DNA? The origins of replication The leading strand Parental DNA DNA polymerases The lagging strand Request Answer Part B Which statement about DNA replication is CORRECT? The lagging strand is built continuously. The leading strand is built continuously, and the lagging strand is built in pieces. The lagging strand is one of the strands of parental DNA. DNA ligase helps assemble the leading strand. The leading strand is one of the strands of parental DNA. Request Answer Part C During DNA replication, which nucleotide will bind to an A nucleotide in the parental DNA? T U G C A Request Answer Part D The molecule that seals the gaps between the pieces of DNA in the lagging strand is DNA ligase. the replication fork. DNA polymerase. the leading strand. RNA. Request Answer Part E Which statement about DNA replication is FALSE? The lagging strand is made of a series of pieces that must be joined together to make a continuous strand. DNA ligase adds nucleotides to the lagging strand. DNA polymerase builds a new strand by adding DNA nucleotides one at a time. Because the two strands of parental DNA run in opposite directions, the new strands must be made in different ways. The two strands of parental DNA are separated during DNA replication.

The diagram illustrates the activity of vesicles during a cellular process. Which statement best explains the function of the vesicles? Delivering packaged materials to the Golgi apparatus for protein synthesis Exchanging genetic information between the Golgi apparatuses of separate cells Extracting portions of the Golgi apparatus to be regenerated for growth within the cell Transporting packaged molecules from the Golgi apparatus to be released out of the cell # Vesicle Activities in a Cell

"Which best defines heredity? A) Heredity is the physical and personality traits displayed by the majority of a population. B) Heredity is the traits that are expressed by an organism in response to the environment. C) Heredity is the behaviors that are shown by offspring which are learned from their parents. D) Heredity is the passage of genetic instructions from generation to generation through DNA."

2 Fill in the blanks: All tissues consist of two main components: and which consists of a gelatinous substance called and numerous different 3 An epithelial tissue that has one layer of rectangular cells would be classified as a. stratified squamous epithelium. b. simple cuboidal epithelium. c. stratified columnar epithelium. d. simple columnar epithelium. 4 How do pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium and transitional epithelium differ from other types of epithelia? 5 True/False: Mark the following statements concerning connective tissue proper and cartilage as true (T) or false (F). If the statement is false, correct it to make it a true statement. Adipocytes contain a large lipid droplet in their cytoplasm. The primary element in dense regular collagenous connective tissue is ground substance. Bundles of collagen fibers are arranged parallel to one another in dense irregular collagenous connective tissue. Loose connective tissue contains all three protein fiber types. Fibrocartilage has a smooth, glassy appearance due to a large amount of ground substance and few visible protein fibers. 6 Which of the following best characterizes the extracellular matrix (ECM) of bone tissue? a. Bone tissue ECM consists of only calcium hydroxyapatite crystals. b. Bone tissue ECM consists of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals and collagen fibers. c. Bone tissue ECM consists of only collagen fibers. d. Bone tissue ECM consists of collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers. 7 Circle all that apply. Which of the following characteristics apply to skeletal muscle tissue? a. Striated. b. Nonstriated. c. Multinucleate. d. Uninucleate. e. Contains intercalated discs. f. Voluntary. g. Involuntary. h. Autorhythmic.

Where in the cell does the electron transport chain occur?

What are the five functions of the cell membrane?

What are the seven stages of the plant life cycle?

Label the figure with the items provided.

"Select the true statements about dopamine. L‑dopa is converted to dopamine once inside the brain. Dopamine cannot cross the blood–brain barrier. Dopamine deficiency causes Parkinson's disease. Administration of dopamine can treat the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Dopamine is a membrane transport protein located in the blood–brain barrier."

Does cellular respiration occur in both plants and animals or just in animals, and why?

What is the ocular lens magnification for high "dry" power

"Are endocytosis and exocytosis forms of passive or active transport? "

Where does Glycolysis occur? Where does Gluconeogenesis occur? Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis occur in all cells. Glycolysis occurs in all cells; Gluconeogenesis occurs mainly in Liver cells. Glycolysis occurs in all cells; Gluconeogenesis occurs both in Liver and Muscle cells. Glycolysis occurs in only Muscle cells; Gluconeogenesis occurs in only Liver cells

When insects molt, what is the first step in the process?