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2024-2025 BIO104 Midterm Lab Exam with Answers (95 Solved Questions)

  • Biology
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  • Shared February 2025
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    BIO 104 - Midterm Lab exam 100% VERIFIED ANSWER 2024/2025 ALREADY PASSED Sterilization the complete destruction or removal of all microorganisms, including viruses and endospores. - the organisms may be killed with steam under pressure, dry heat, radiation, chemicals or incineration - but it is an absolute value Disinfection a process in which vegetative (actively growing) microorga nisms are destroyed on non - living objects and surfaces (fomites) - disinfectants are only used on fomites because they toxic and destructive to living human and animal tissues - disinfection is the destruction or removal of all microbes on fomites, excep t endospores Degermers

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    agents that physically remove microorganisms from a limited area of the skin. Mostly a mechanical removal by soap and water, an alcohol swab, or other agent. - alcohol is the best Fomites any non - living, inanimate object or surface t hat can carry and transmit micoorganisms. - fomites can be safely disinfected Antisepsis the destruction or removal of vegetative pathogens on living tissues (skin, mucous membranes) Antiseptics - chemical agents that can be safely applied, externally, to living tissues (skin, mucous membranes), to destroy or inhibit vegetative bacteria. - agent capable of producing antisepsis (the prevention of sepsis by preventing or inhibiting the growth of disease - causing microorganisms) Sepsis 1.) the growth (multiplic ation) of microorganisms in normally sterile tissues of the body 2.) decay, contamination, purification 3.) the presence of bacteria in blood that are actively multiplying

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    - an inflammatory condition caused by pathogens or their poisons in blood Aseptic te chnique prevent all organisms from contaminating media or contacting living tissues. - aseptic techniques are used so that: a.) you don't contaminate sterile media or pure cultures of bacteria b.) you are not contaminated by microorganisms Useful facts ab out bacteria that make aseptic technique important 1.) bacteria are, by far, the most numerous and most widely distributed organisms 2.) bacteria are the most adaptable and versatile organisms, they are found everywhere in nature, even in harsh environmen ts where nothing else could live 3.) while most bacteria are normally found in the environments to which they are adapted they are not usually confined to those environments and instead those microorganisms found in and on you can be easily transferred to other environments (especially sterile media, pure cultures, sterile tissues) 4.) so that the ability of bacteria to tolerate or take advantage of new environments and coupled with the fact that bacteria and other microorganisms are very small and exist everywhere in huge numbers means that special techniques and procedures are necessary for handling them 5.) collectively these necessary techniques and procedures for safely handling microorganisms (especially bacteria) are called aseptic techniques

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    Ultra structure the fine (microscopic) details of organisms, tissues, and cells. Magnification - the ability of a lens, or lenses, to make an image larger - have the power of causing objects to appear larger then they are. Resolution the ability to see the fine details of an image in clear sharp focus Ocular lens (eye piece) the lens in a compound microscope that you look through and which magnifies the image made by the objective lens. It is usually 10x. Objective lens the lens in a compound microscope that does the initial magnification of the specimen on the microscope slide. 40x scanning power 100x low power 400x

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    high power 1000x oil immersion power Morphology size, shape, cell arrangement, and Gram staining reaction of bacteria bacillus (plural bacilli) - shape "staff" rod - shaped bacteria coccus (plural cocci) - shape "berry" sphere or round - shaped bacteria spiral (curved rods) - shape helical or curved shaped Vibrio - shape comma - shaped bacteria spirochetes - shape f lexible "S" - shaped Random cell arrangement single cells, no overall arrangement Diplo cell arrangement pairs of cells

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