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Biology - Human Evolution

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    Study Guide Biology – Human Evolution 1. Quiz Human Evolution 1. Question Ancestors of monkeys, apes, and humans lived how long ago? Answer Choices • 100 million years ago • 50 million years ago • 70 million years ago Correct Answer 50 million years ago Why This Is Correct Early primates — ancestors of modern monkeys, apes, and humans — first appeared during the early Cenozoic Era , about 50 million years ago . This period marked major diversification among mammals following the extinction of dinosaurs. 2. Question The first hominids belonged to what group? Answer Choices • Australopithecus • Homo erectus • Homo habilis

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    Study Guide Correct Answer Australopithecus Why This Is Correct The earliest known hominids are classified in the genus Australopithecus . These species lived in Africa several million years ago and showed early traits of bipedalism, which distinguishes hominids from other primates. Homo habilis and Homo erectus appeared later in human evolution. 3. Question Members of which group were regarded as the first humans? Answer Choices • Australopithecus • Homo erectus • Homo habilis Correct Answer Homo habilis Why This Is Correct Homo habilis is regarded as the first human species because its members showed clear human - like traits, especially the use of tools and a larger brain size than earlier hominids. While Australopithecus were earlier ancestors, Homo habilis marks the beginning of the human genus ( Homo ). 4. Question Members of which group were skillful at hunting and butchering animals?

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    Study Guide Answer Choices • Australopithecus • Homo erectus • Homo habilis Correct Answer Homo erectus Why This Is Correct Homo erectus were skilled hunters and were known for butchering animals , using more advanced tools, and controlling fire. These abilities allowed them to hunt large animals and survive in a wider range of environments than earlier hominids like Australopithecus and Homo habilis . 5. Question Members of which group were characterized by heavy jaws, low foreheads, and small brain capacities? Answer Choices • Australopithecus • Homo erectus • Homo habilis Correct Answer Australopithecus Why This Is Correct Australopithecus species had heavy jaws , low - sloping foreheads , and small brain sizes compared to later human ancestors. These traits reflect their early position in human evolution. In contrast, Homo habilis and Homo erectus had larger brains and more human - like skull features.

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    Study Guide 6. Question Members of which group were the first to use language? Answer Choices • Australopithecus • Homo erectus • Homo habilis Correct Answer Homo erectus Why This Is Correct Homo erectus is considered the first hominid group likely capable of early language or complex vocal communication . Their larger brain size, social cooperation (especially in hunting), and anatomical changes related to speech suggest the beginnings of spoken language. Earlier groups like Australopithecus and Homo habilis lacked these advanced features. 7. Question “Lucy” was a member of which group? Answer Choices • Australopithecus • Homo erectus • Homo habilis Correct Answer Australopithecus Why This Is Correct

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    Study Guide “Lucy” is a famous fossil belonging to Australopithecus afarensis , an early hominid species. She lived about 3.2 million years ago and showed clear evidence of bipedal walking , a key trait of early human ancestors. 8. Question Members of which group were the predominant species during the Stone Age? Answer Choices • Australopithecus • Homo erectus • Homo habilis Correct Answer Homo erectus Why This Is Correct Homo erectus were the predominant human species during much of the Stone Age , especially the early (Paleolithic) period. They used more advanced stone tools, controlled fire, hunted cooperatively, and spread across Africa, Asia, and Europe, making them the most widespread and dominant hominids of that time. 9. Question Members of which group were presumed to be the first fire users? Answer Choices • Australopithecus • Homo erectus • Homo habilis

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