Study GuideBiology–Photosynthesis1. Photosynthesis DefinedMany living things on Earth—especiallygreen plants—can make their own food. They do this usingvery simple materials likecarbon dioxideandwater. To turn these simple molecules into food, theyneedenergy, and that energy comes fromsunlight. This food-making process is calledphotosynthesis.1.1 How Energy Moves Through a Plant CellPhotosynthesis and energy use in plant cells are closely connected. Here’s the big picture:•Chloroplastscapture light energy from the sun•That energy is used to makeglucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), a sugar that stores energy•Oxygen (O₂)is released as a waste product•The glucose and oxygen are then used in themitochondria•In the mitochondria, energy is released and used to makeATPfrom ADP and phosphate•Carbon dioxide (CO₂)andwaterare released and reused in photosynthesisThis creates a continuous cycle of energy use and recycling inside the cell.Preview Mode
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