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Cell Energy Gizmo Student Investigation

Explore how photosynthesis and cellular respiration power life in the Cell Energy Cycle Gizmo. Learn key inputs/outputs and how plants and animals depend on each other for survival.

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    Gizmos N a m e - Date: Student Exploration: Cell Energy Cycle Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and prompts in the orange boxes. Vocabulary: aerobic, anaerobic, ATP, cellular respiration, chemical energy, chlorophyll; chloroplast, cytoplasm, glucose, glycolysis, mitochondria, photosynthesis, radiant energy Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. What does a plant need to sunive and grow? 2. What does an animal need to survive and grow? 3. How do animals and plants depend on each other? carbon dioxide, sunlight, water, food/ nutrition oxygen, water, food plants need carbon dioxide which is produced by animals and animals need oxygen from plants, some animals also depend on plants as a food source Gizmo Warm-up The Cell Energy Cycle Gizmo TM illustrates two processes that are essential to life: photosynthesis and cellular respiration . Although b oth of these processes involve a series of complex steps, the inputs and outputs of each process are four relatively simple molecules. 1. What is the chemi:al formula of oxygen? O, Glucose is a simple sugar. What is the chemical formula of glucose? CfH XX | Carbon d e d* (a H;O 3. What is the chemi:al formula of carbon dioxide? CO 2 . 4. What is the chemi:al formula of water?

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    H : O Get the Gizmo ready: • If necessary, click Reset. • Check that the PHOTOSYNTHESIS tab is selected. Check that Description is turned on. Activity A; Photosynthesis Introduction: Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast, an organelle found in plant and algae cells. Within the chloroplast, a green pigment called chlorophyll converts the radiant energy of sunlight into chemical energy that the plant can use. Question: What are the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis? 1. Predict: Of the molecules shown on the MOLECULES pane, -which do you think are inputs (ingredients) in photosynthesis? Which do vou think are outputs? Inputs: CO;-i-H;O Outputs: O z 2. Explore: Drag each molecule from the MOLECULES pane to the chloroplast on the PHOTOSYNTHESIS pane. If a molecule is an input, it will star in the chloroplast Which molecules are inputs in photosynthesis? CO- 4- H-O O 2 - CJJ ]: O S 4. Summarize: Although photosynthesis is a complex process involving many reactions, it can be summarized bva simplified formula that shows inputs on the left and outputs on the right. Based on vour observations , write a simplified formula for photosynthesis: CO; + H ; O Oz T urn on Show iuput/output formula to check. W ere you correct Yes 5. Challenge: To balance the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis, there should be the same number of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms on each side of the arrow.

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    no Now balance the input' output formula bv adding coefficients to each molecule. W rite the b alanced formula below, and then check your work bv clicking Balance. 6 0, 6 CO; 6 H-O + 1 C & O . Activity B: Get the Gizmo ready: * Click Reset. * Select the RESPIRATION tab. Cellular Introduction: Cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and in mitochondria , organelles found in all complex cells. (Bacteria and other simple organisms do not contain mitochondria.} The Gizmo shows a mitochondrion surrounded bv yellow cvtoplasm. Question: What are the inputs and outputs of cellular respiration? 1. Predict: Of the molecules shown on the MOLECULES pane, which do vou think are inputs (ingredients) in cellular respiration? Which do vou think are outputs' Inputs: CjHuOj-i- & Outputs: CO ; 4-H : O 2. Explore: Drag each molecule from the MOLECULES pane to the RESPIRATION pane. Which molecules are inputs in cellular respiration? C ; H : O ; - i - O ; S'- Observe: Click Next. What happens in the cvtoplasm? 2 pyruvates and energy is made from one glucose molecule This process is called glycolysis. Two pyruvate I.C .H.O. . molecules are produced in. glvcolvsis. The released energy is used to form a net of two ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecules. Energy is later released when ATP molecules are broken down. Observe: Click Next. What happens now." the 2 pyruvate made in cvtoplasm is transferred into the mitochondria 5- Observe: Click Next. What happens in the mitochondrion?

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