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Test Bank For Biology: Concepts and Connections, 6th Edition

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    Chapter 1 Introduction: Ten Themes in the Study of Life Campbell/Reece 6e MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of these is the best description of the science of biology? A) the study of life B) the study of rocks C) the study of humans D) the study of biodiversity E) the study of the way humans interact with their environment 2) A maple leaf is at which level in the hierarchical organization of life? A) tissue B) organ C) organelle D) population E) organism 3) Which of these is an example of an organelle? A) amoeba B) muscle C) stomach D) digestive system E) chloroplast 4) Which of the following are molecules? A) carbon B) water C) chlorophyll D) A and B E) B and C 5) What is a localized group of organisms that belong to the same species? A) network B) community C) population D) ecosystem E) collection 6) In terms of the hierarchical organization of life, an amoeba is __________ level of organization, whereas a dog is at the __________ level of organization. A) at the cell and organism ... multicellular organism B) only at the cell ... organism C) only at the organelle ... cell and multicellular organism D) only at the tissue ... multicellular organism E) only at the organelle ... unicellular organism 7) Which of these is a correct representation of the hierarchical organization of life from least to most complex? A) hydrogen, water, heart muscle cell, nucleus, heart muscle tissue, heart, human B) hydrogen, water, nucleus, heart muscle cell, heart muscle tissue, heart, human C) hydrogen, water, nucleus, heart muscle cell, heart, heart muscle tissue, human D) water, hydrogen, nucleus, heart muscle cell, heart muscle tissue, heart, human E) nucleus, hydrogen, water, heart muscle cell, heart, heart muscle tissue, human 1

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    8) Which of the following is reflective of the phrase "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts"? A) the cell theory B) emergent properties C) homeostasis D) reductionism E) evolution 9) In order to understand the chemical basis of inheritance, one must understand the molecular structure of DNA. This is an example of the application of __________ to the study of biology. A) evolution B) emergent properties C) the cell theory D) reductionism E) natural selection 10) Who first named and described cells in 1665? A) Robert Hooke B) Anton van Leeuwenhoek C) Matthias Schleiden D) Theodor Schwann E) Charles Darwin 11) Which of these statements is one of the generalizations of the cell theory? A) Life is extraterrestrial in origin. B) All cells contain a nucleus. C) DNA is the genetic material of all cells. D) Cells have homeostatic mechanisms that maintain their internal environment. E) New cells arise from preexisting cells. 12) One of the key distinctions between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the presence of __________ cells, which is lacking in __________ cells. A) a nucleus in eukaryotic ... prokaryotic B) a nucleus in prokaryotic ... eukaryotic C) DNA in prokaryotic ... eukaryotic D) DNA in eukaryotic ... prokaryotic E) a cytoplasmic organelle in prokaryotic ... eukaryotic 13) What are the basic "building blocks" of DNA? A) protein B) carbohydrates and lipids C) 20 amino acids D) 26 nucleotides E) four nucleotides 2

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    14) Which of the following utilize DNA as their genetic material? A) prokaryotes B) eukaryotes C) archaea D) A and C only E) A, B, and C 15) For most ecosystems __________ is (are) the ultimate source of energy and energy leaves the ecosystem in the form of __________. A) light ... heat B) heat ... light C) plants ... animals D) plants ... heat E) producers ... consumers 16) Which of the following is the main source of energy for producers such as plants? A) light B) carbon dioxide C) minerals D) heat E) chemicals 17) As a result of photosynthesis, plants release __________ into the atmosphere. A) methane B) carbon dioxide C) sugar D) minerals E) oxygen 18) Plants convert the energy of sunlight into A) the energy of motion. B) carbon dioxide and water. C) the potential energy of chemical bonds. D) minerals. E) kinetic energy. 19) A rock rolling down a hill is exhibiting A) photosynthesis. B) kinetic energy. C) chemical energy. D) decomposition. E) potential energy. 20) If a population of plants contains 10,000 kilocalories, what would be a reasonable estimate of the number of kilocalories found in a population of animals that feed on nothing but that population of plants? A) 1,000 kilocalories B) 10,000 kilocalories C) 20,000 kilocalories D) 50,000 kilocalories E) 100,000 kilocalories 3

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    21) Chemical reactions of metabolism within cells are regulated by organic catalysts. What are these catalysts called? A) kinetic transformers B) enzymes C) feedback inhibitors D) analogs E) nutrients 22) Once labor begins in childbirth, contractions increase in intensity and frequency until delivery. Therefore, the increasing labor contractions of childbirth are an example of A) a feedforward mechanism. B) positive feedback. C) negative feedback. D) feedback inhibition. E) both C and D. 23) When blood glucose levels rise, the pancreas secretes insulin and as a result blood glucose levels decline. When blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon and as a result blood glucose levels rise. Such regulation of blood glucose levels is an example of A) a feedforward mechanism. B) positive feedback. C) negative feedback. D) feedback inhibition. E) both C and D. 24) The maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment is referred to as A) taxonomy. B) natural selection. C) evolution. D) cell theory. E) homeostasis. 25) There are approximately __________ identified and named species. A) 1,500 B) 150,000 C) 1,500,000 D) 15,000,000 E) 150,000,000 26) Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms? A) genetics B) physiology C) genomics D) taxonomy E) evolution 27) Species that are in the same __________ are more closely related than species that are only in the same __________. A) phylum ... class B) family ... order C) class ... order D) family ... genus E) kingdom ... phylum 4

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    28) Which of these is reflective of the hierarchical organization of life from most to least inclusive? A) kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species B) phylum, class, order, kingdom, family, genus, species C) kingdom, order, family, phylum, class, genus, species D) genus, species, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family E) class, order, kingdom, phylum, family, genus, species 29) Which of the following are characteristics shared by members of both Domain Bacteria and Domain Archaea? A) cytosol B) nucleus C) DNA D) A and C only E) A, B, and C 30) What are the two classifications of prokaryotes? A) Domain Bacteria and Domain Eukarya B) Domain Archaea and Kingdom Monera C) Domain Eukarya and Domain Archaea D) Domain Bacteria and Kingdom Monera E) Domain Bacteria and Domain Archaea 31) A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single-celled organism that lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification? A) Domain Eukarya B) Domain Archaea C) Domain Bacteria D) Kingdom Protista E) Kingdom Fungi 32) A rose bush is classified into Domain __________ and Kingdom __________. A) Eukarya ... Animalia B) Eukarya ... Fungi C) Eukarya ... Plantae D) Eukarya .... Protista E) Bacteria ... Archaea 33) A new species was discovered. Individuals of this species are multicellular eukaryotes that obtain nutrients from decomposing organic matter. How should this species be classified? A) Eukarya, Archaea B) Eukarya, Bacteria C) Eukarya, Plantae D) Eukarya, Protista E) Eukarya, Fungi 34) How are most unicellular eukaryotes classified? A) Monera B) Protista C) Bacteria D) Archaea E) Eukarya 5

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    35) A new species has been discovered. Individuals of this species are multicellular eukaryotes that obtain nutrients by ingesting other organisms. How should this species be classified? A) Domain Bacteria B) Kingdom Protista C) Kingdom Plantae D) Kingdom Animalia E) Domain Archaea 36) You have just discovered a new species that has starch, rather than DNA, as its genetic material. You are elated because you may have just discovered a new A) member of Kingdom Protista. B) member of Domain Bacteria. C) member of Domain Archaea. D) member of Domain Eukarya. E) domain of life. 37) The fact that there is strong genetic similarity among species is strong evidence in support of A) multiple independent origins of life. B) the extraterrestrial origin of life. C) creationism. D) evolution. E) intelligent design. 38) Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life? A) the ubiquitous use of catalysts by living systems B) the universality of the genetic code C) the structure of the nucleus D) the structure of cilia E) the structure of chloroplasts 39) Which of these individuals is most likely to be successful in an evolutionary sense? A) a reproductively sterile individual who never falls ill B) an individual who dies after 5 days of life but leaves 10 offspring, all of whom survive to reproduce C) a male who mates with 20 females and fathers 1 offspring D) an individual who lives 100 years and leaves 2 offspring, both of whom survive to reproduce E) a female who mates with 20 males and produces 1 offspring 40) Natural selection A) does not require genetic variation. B) does not require inheritance. C) is differential reproductive success. D) is not descent with modification. E) requires a small population size. 6

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    41) In a hypothetical world, every 50 years people over 6 feet tall are eliminated from the population. Based on your knowledge of natural selection, you would predict that the average height of the human population will A) remain unchanged. B) gradually decline. C) rapidly decline. D) gradually increase. E) rapidly increase. 42) Through time, the lineage that led to modern whales shows a change from four-limbed land animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that function as flippers. This change is best explained by A) the cell theory. B) creationism. C) the hierarchical organization of life. D) natural selection. E) homeostasis. 43) Which of the following questions is outside the realm of science? A) How did humans arise? B) Why do humans have a finite life span? C) How do red blood cells carry oxygen? D) What is the basis of heredity? E) Does God exist? 44) Collecting data based on observation is an example of __________; analyzing this data to reach a conclusion is an example of __________ reasoning. A) discovery science ... inductive B) the process of science ... deductive C) hypothesis testing ... deductive D) descriptive science ... deductive E) hypothesis generation ... deductive 45) What is a hypothesis? A) the same thing as a theory B) an untestable idea C) a verifiable observation D) a tentative explanation E) a fact 46) Which of these is a deduction? A) My car won't start. B) My car's battery is dead. C) If I turn the key in the ignition while stepping on the gas pedal, then my car will start. D) I lost my car key. E) My car is out of gas. 7

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    47) When applying the process of science, which of these is tested? A) a question B) a result C) an observation D) a prediction E) a hypothesis 48) The statement "If you show your dog affection then your dog will seek your company" is an example of A) a statement that can be tested. B) a statement derived from a hypothesis. C) a prediction. D) deductive reasoning. E) all of the above. 49) A controlled experiment is one in which A) the experiment is repeated many times to ensure that the results are accurate. B) the experiment proceeds at a slow pace to guarantee that the scientist can carefully observe all reactions and process all experimental data. C) there are at least two groups, one of which does not receive the experimental treatment. D) there are at least two groups, one differing from the other by two or more variables. E) there is one group for which the scientist controls all variables. 50) Why is it important that an experiment include a control group? A) The control group is the group that the reseacher is in control of; it is the group in which the researcher predetermines the nature of the results. B) The control group provides a reserve of experimental subjects. C) A control group is required for the development of an "if ... then" statement. D) A control group assures that an experiment will be repeatable. E) Without a control group, there is no basis for knowing if a particular result is due to the variable being tested or to some other factor. 51) What is the difference between a tissue and an organ system? A) The tissue level of organization is more inclusive than the organ system level. B) Tissues are not composed of cells; organ systems are composed of cells. C) A tissue cannot exist unless it is a component of an organ system, whereas an organ system can exist independently of tissues. D) An organ system includes tissues. E) Tissues are not considered to be living; organ systems are considered to be living. 52) Which of the following correctly matches a cell type with its primary function? A) nerve cell ... protection B) muscle cell ... absorption of nutrients C) intestinal cell ... contraction D) nerve cell ... transmission of signals E) skin cell ... absorption of nutrients 8

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    53) Energy enters most ecosystems as A) light. B) chemical energy. C) heat and chemical energy. D) heat. E) light and chemical energy. 54) What name is given to the process by which plants convert the energy of light to chemical energy? A) metabolism B) evolution C) photosynthesis D) homeostasis E) cellular respiration 55) What feature is common to prokaryotes, fungi, and plants? A) a nucleus B) single cells C) at one time, membership in the kingdom Monera D) cell walls E) photosynthesis 9

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    Answer Key Testname: UNTITLED2.TST 1) Answer: A ID: bio6 1.1-1 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 2) Answer: B ID: bio6 1.1-2 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 3) Answer: E ID: bio6 1.1-3 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 4) Answer: E ID: bio6 1.1-4 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 5) Answer: B ID: bio6 1.1-5 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 6) Answer: A ID: bio6 1.1-6 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 7) Answer: B ID: bio6 1.1-7 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 8) Answer: B ID: bio6 1.1-8 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 1

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    Answer Key Testname: UNTITLED2.TST 9) Answer: D ID: bio6 1.1-9 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 10) Answer: A ID: bio6 1.1-10 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 11) Answer: E ID: bio6 1.1-11 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 12) Answer: A ID: bio6 1.1-12 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 13) Answer: E ID: bio6 1.1-13 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 14) Answer: E ID: bio6 1.1-14 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 15) Answer: A ID: bio6 1.1-15 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 16) Answer: A ID: bio6 1.1-16 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 2

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    Answer Key Testname: UNTITLED2.TST 17) Answer: E ID: bio6 1.1-17 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 18) Answer: C ID: bio6 1.1-18 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 19) Answer: B ID: bio6 1.1-19 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 20) Answer: A ID: bio6 1.1-20 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 21) Answer: B ID: bio6 1.1-21 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 22) Answer: B ID: bio6 1.1-22 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 23) Answer: E ID: bio6 1.1-23 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 24) Answer: E ID: bio6 1.1-24 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 3

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    Answer Key Testname: UNTITLED2.TST 25) Answer: C ID: bio6 1.1-25 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 26) Answer: D ID: bio6 1.1-26 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 27) Answer: B ID: bio6 1.1-27 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 28) Answer: A ID: bio6 1.1-28 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 29) Answer: D ID: bio6 1.1-29 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 30) Answer: E ID: bio6 1.1-30 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 31) Answer: B ID: bio6 1.1-31 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 32) Answer: C ID: bio6 1.1-32 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 4

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    Answer Key Testname: UNTITLED2.TST 33) Answer: E ID: bio6 1.1-33 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 34) Answer: B ID: bio6 1.1-34 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 35) Answer: D ID: bio6 1.1-35 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 36) Answer: E ID: bio6 1.1-36 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 37) Answer: D ID: bio6 1.1-37 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 38) Answer: B ID: bio6 1.1-38 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 39) Answer: B ID: bio6 1.1-39 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 40) Answer: C ID: bio6 1.1-40 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 5

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    Answer Key Testname: UNTITLED2.TST 41) Answer: B ID: bio6 1.1-41 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 42) Answer: D ID: bio6 1.1-42 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 43) Answer: E ID: bio6 1.1-43 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 44) Answer: A ID: bio6 1.1-44 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 45) Answer: D ID: bio6 1.1-45 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Knowledge 46) Answer: C ID: bio6 1.1-46 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 47) Answer: D ID: bio6 1.1-47 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 48) Answer: E ID: bio6 1.1-48 Diff: 0 Topic: Skill: Comprehension 6

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