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Test Bank For Biology: The Core, 3rd Edition

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    1 Biology: The Core, 3e (Simon) Core Issues 1) Observa tional studies are based on making observations on subjects without manipulating them. As such, it is hard for observational studies to ________. A) draw conclusions about the cause of an observation B) generate any results C) test participants D) find pro per funding because they are expensive Answer: A Module: CI.1 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: CI.3 Global Learning: G1 2) Which of the following processes is necessary for your cells to access the energy contained in a cheese burge r you just ate? A) The digestive system B) The circulatory system C) Cellular respiration D) All of the above are necessary Answer: D Module: CI.1 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: CI.1 Gl obal Learning: G7 3) Cancer occurs when ________. A) Cells stop growing B) Cells stop dividing C) Cells do not stop dividing D) Cells stop going through mitosis Answer: C Module: CI.2 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: CI.4 Global Lea rning: G5

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    2 4) Cancer is often the results mutations that involve ________. A) Proto - oncogenes mutating and becoming oncogenes B) Oncogenes mutating and becoming proto - oncogenes C) Genes in the mitotic spindle D) Both proto - oncogenes and oncogenes mutatin g Answer: A Mod ule: CI.2 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: CI.4 Global Learning: G5 5) If you wanted to test if antibacterial soap worked better than regular soap, which experiment below has the strongest experimental design? A) Have people wash wit h antibacterial soap first and later with regular soap. B) Have two groups of people wash with either antibacterial or regular soap. C) Have two groups of people wash with either antibacterial or regular soap, without knowing which type of soap they are us ing. D) Have two groups of people wash with either antibacterial or regular soap, with neither the researchers nor the groups knowing which type of soap they are using. Answer: D Module: CI.2 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: CI.5 Global Lear ning: G1 6) What is the difference between a genetically modified organism and a transgenic organism? A) A transgenic organism is an organism that contains foreign genes, while a genetically modified organism has foreign genes that come f rom another species. B) A transgenic organism contains only genes from other species, while a genetically modified organism s contains genes from its own species and genes from other species. C) A genetically modified organism is an organism that contains a ny foreign genes, while a transgenic organism has foreign genes that come from another species. D) There is no difference b etween the two terms, they mean the same thing. Answer: C Module: CI.3 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: CI.6 Gl obal Learning: G5

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    3 7) Are genetically modified organisms safe for humans to consume? A) Yes, genetically modified organism s have been found to be extremely safe for humans to consume, and research is no longer assessing this question. B) Yes, short - term research on animals seems to indicate that genetically modified organisms are safe for humans to consume. C) No, genetically modified organisms are not safe for humans to consume. D) We do not currently have any data on whether genetically modified organis ms are safe for humans to consume. Answer: B Module: CI.3 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: CI.6 Global Learni ng: G5, G6 8) What is antibiotic resistance? A) Bacteria that have become resistant to specific antibiotics B) Human cells that ha ve become resistant to specific antibiotics C) Human cells have started to be harmed by specific antibiotics D) Bacteria hav e become more susceptible to specific antibiotics Answer: A Module: CI.4 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: CI.7 Global Learning: G5 9) Why do vaccines help human health? A) Vaccines stimulate the immune system to recognize a virus faster if encountered. B) Vaccines stimulate the immune system to destroy a virus more effectively if encountered. C) Vaccines stimula te the immune system to remember a virus for an extended period of time. D) All of the above are reasons why vaccines help human health. Answer: D Module: CI.5 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: CI.8 Global Learning: G5, G6 10) Which of the following statements is not true regarding fertilizers? A ) Fertilizers provide minerals that the plants need to grow. B) There are bacteria that act as natural fertilizers, making nitrogen available to plants. C) Fertilizers can improve the health o f plants by providing missing minerals. D) There are no natural fertilizers, only chemical fertilizers. Answer: D Module: CI.6 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: CI.9 Global Learning: G5

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    4 11) All food can eventually be traced back to t he process of photosynthesis. Answer: TRUE Module: CI.6 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: CI.9 Global Learning: G7 12) What enzyme is produced by the human body following a snack on a donut? A) Insulin B) Glucagon C) Both insulin and glucagon D) No enzyme is produced following a snack; enzy mes are not triggered by food consumption. Answer: A Module: CI.7 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: CI.10 Global Learning: G5 13) What would happen if the body did not produce glucag on? A) Cells of the body would keep on taking glucose from the bloodstream and storing it. B) Cells of the body would not release glucose into the blood stream when glucose levels were low in the blood stream. C) Cells of the body would keep on releasing g lucose into the blood stream, even when glucose levels wer e high in the blood stream. D) Cells of the body would neither take in glucose from the bloodstream nor release it into the blood stream. Answer: B Module: CI.7 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: CI.10 Global Learning: G5 14) What would happ en if the body did not produce insulin? A) Cells of the body would keep on taking glucose from the bloodstream and storing it. B) Cells of the body would not release glucose into the blood stream wh en glucose levels were low in the blood stream. C) Cells of the body would not be able to take in glucose, even when glucose levels were high in the blood stream. D) Cells of the body would neither take in glucose from the bloodstream nor release it into t he blood stream. Answer: C Module: CI.7 Skill: A pplying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: CI.10 Global Learning: G5

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    5 15) What are anabolic steroids? A) Hormones that are produced by the human body to increase muscle mass B) Artificial chemicals that resemb le human testosterone C) Hormones that are only prod uced in the body following the ingestion of specific chemicals D) Medications that can be taken to increase the number of red blood cells Answer: B Module: CI.7 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learnin g Outcome: CI.11 16) What are endemic species? A) Species that are found throughout most of the world's ecosystems B) Species that are threatened C) Species that are endangered D) Species that are only found in one (often small) geographic area Answer: D Module: CI.9 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Le arning Outcome: CI.12 17) Which of the following statements is correct? A) Global warming is the same as global climate change. B) Global climate change includes global warming, but also increased fires , changes habitats, and changes patterns of temperature and rainfall. C) Global climate change has no effects of human populations. D) Global climate change includes changes in patterns of rainfall, but not in patterns of temperature. Answer: B Module: C I.10 Skill: Synthesizing/Evaluating Learning Outcome: CI.13 Global Learning: G5 18) There is scientific evidence that global climate change is occurring, and that it is driven by hu man activities. Answer: TRUE Module: CI.10 Skill: Remembering/Unders tanding Learning Outcome: CI.13 Global Learning: G5, G6

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    6 19) Why do antibiotics not harm human cells? Answer: Because they target structures that are unique to bacteria, such as the bacteria cell wall, ribosomes (which are different from eukaryotic rib osomes), or specific bacterial enzymes. Module: CI.4 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: CI.7 Global Learning: G5, G7 20) Explain what "blood doping" is. Answer: Blood dopi ng is a technique that involves transfusing extra blood cells into an athlete right before an event. The extra blood cells boost the endurance of the athlete for a short amount of time following the transfusion. Module: CI.8 Skill: Remembering/Understand ing Learning Outcome: CI.11 Global Learning: G5

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    1 Biology: The Core, 3e (Simon) Chapter 1 An Introduction to the Science of Life 1) How is life defined? A) The only requirement for life is the ability to reproduce. B) Life is defined through a set of shared characteristics that all living things displa y. C) A living thing must be able to move. D) Life is determined by neural activity. Answer: B Module: 1.1 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1 2) W hich of the following is not a characteristic of life? A) The ability to reproduce B) The ability to move C) The ability to grow and develop D) The ability to respond to the environment Answer: B Module: 1.1 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Out come: 1.1 Global Learning: G2 3) Fire can move, grow, reproduce, use energy, consu me oxygen, and interact with its environment. Why is it not alive? A) It does not have cells. B) It does not consist of complex, well - ordered structures. C) It does not pa ss on genes for traits to its offspring. D) All of the above are accurate reasons why fire is not alive. Answer: D Module: 1.1 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.1 Global Learning: G2 4) Is a virus considered alive? A) Yes, it possesses all of the requirements for life. B) Yes, it possesses enough of the requirements for l ife to be considered living. C) No, it does not possess all of the requirements for life. D) No, it does not possess an y of the requirements for life. Answer: C Module: 1.1 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.1

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    2 5) Certain parasites, such as intestinal tapeworms, cannot survive outside of their host. Why are they still considered alive? A) Survival outside of a host is not a requirement for life. B) Parasites are still considered alive because they are studied by biologists, and biology is th e study of life. C) As long as parasites are made of cells, they are considered to be alive. D) Because they cannot surv ive outside of the host, parasites are actually not considered alive. Answer: A Module: 1.1 Skill: Synthesizing/Evaluating Learning O utcome: 1.1 Global Learning: G2 6) A population consists of ________. A) living and nonliving components B) interacting populations C) a group of interacting individuals of one species D) a group of interacting individuals from different species Answer: C Module: 1.2 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 7) The statement, "There are 628 gra y squirrels living on campus," describes the ________ of gray squirrels on campus. A) species B) community C) population D) ecosystem Answer: C Module: 1.2 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2 8) What is the smallest unit of life? A) An ato m B) A molecule C) A cell D) An organism Answer: C Module: 1.2 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 Global Learning: G2

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    3 9) If you were to combine all of the ecosystems on the planet, you would obtain the ________. A) ionosphere B) troposphere C) biosphere D) envirosphere Answer: C Module: 1.2 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 10) A college campus – in cluding the students, birds, trees, sidewalks, and air – makes up one complete ________. A) community B) ecosystem C) population D) organism Answer: B Module: 1.2 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2 11) Skin is sometimes referred to as the largest organ of the body. Why is skin considered to be an organ and not a tissue or some other structure? A) Skin consists of multiple cell types functioning as a single integrated unit. B) Skin consists of multiple tissue types that cooperate to perf orm a specific task. C) Skin is a vital component of multiple organ systems. D) Skin consists of a single cell type. Answer: B Module: 1.2 Skill: Synthesizing/Evaluating Learning Outcome: 1.2 Global Learning: G2 12) Which of the following is the corr ect organizational hierarchy, from largest to smallest, in the hierarchical order of life? (Some levels have been omitted, so you are looking for the correct order.) A) Community → Ecosystem → Population → Tissue → Organ → Cell → Organelle → Atom B) Ecosystem → Community → Population → Organ → Tissue → Cell → Molecule → Atom C) Biosphere → Community → Population → Tissue → Organ → Cell → Atom → Molecule D) Ecosystem → Population → Community → Organ system → Organ → Cell → M olecule → Atom Answer: B Module: 1.2 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2

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    4 13) What is the main difference between an ecosystem and a community? A) A community and an ecosystem are the same thing in eology B) A community consists of b oth living organisms and their nonliving environment, while an ecosystem consists of nonliving components only C) A community consists of living organisms only, while an ecosystem consists of both living organism s and their nonliving environment D) A commu nity consists of nonliving components, while an ecosystem consists of living organisms Answer: C Module: 1.2 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2 14) What is the core theme that unifies all of bio logy? A) The theory of evolution by natural selection B) The flow of information from DNA to proteins C) The transformation of energy and matter D) The relationship between structure and function Answer: A Module: 1.3 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2 15) Which of the following is/are major themes in the field of biology? A) The relationship between structure and function B) The flow of information from DNA to proteins C) The interconnections within and between levels of biological organi zation D) All of the above a re major themes in the field of biology Answer: D Module: 1.3 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 16) What is typically the first step in the scientific method? A) Carrying out an experiment B) Developing a hypothesis C) Making a pr ediction D) Making an observation Answer: D Module: 1.4 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.3 Global Learning: G1

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    5 17) The scientific method ________. A) is a linear process that must be precisely followed at all times B) is a rough r ecipe for answering questions, but the steps need not always need to be performed in the same order C) is undertaken only by trained scientists in a controlled laboratory setting D) is the means by which absolute truth can be u ncovered Answer: B Module: 1.4 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.3 Global Learning: G1 Use the following commercial to answer the question(s) below: A recent commercial advertised for a wristband that claimed to restore health and balance by taking advantage of natural frequencies of your biofield. It supports its claim by showing several people first struggling to balance without the wristband and then balancing fine with the wristband. 18) Why should you be skeptical of the claims made in this commercial? A) Health cannot be tested via the scientific method. B) You cannot believe anything you see on television. C) The study was too objective. D) It was not a controlled study, but rather an anecdotal evidence. Answer: D Module: 1.4, 1.9 Skill: Applying/An alyzing Learning Outcome: 1.5 Global Learning: G1, G5, G6 19) Which of the following is a potential problem with the information presented? A) There was a small sample size (only a few people presented). B) There were no control grou ps presented. C) The re was no indication that the results were repeated. D) All of the above are potential problems with the information presented. Answer: D Module: 1.9 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.5 Global Learning: G1, G5, G6

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    6 Use the following study to answer the following question(s): A current trend among professional baseball players is to wear braided titanium necklaces. The titanium reportedly regulates the flow of energy through the body. The player wearing the necklace t hen shows improved strength, tires less, and recovers more quickly. 20) If you were to evaluate these claims using the scientific method, what would be the first step? A) Conduct an experiment. B) Gather testimonials. C) Develop a hypothesis. D) Evaluate the results. Answer: C Module: 1.4 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.3 Global Learning: G1, G2 21) Which of the following would be the strongest evidence for or against the necklace's effectiveness? A) A bar graph comparing the percentage of players who wear the necklace with the percentage of players who do not wear the necklace B) A scatter plot showing days on the disabled list and percentage of players who do or do not wear the necklace C) A bar graph illustrating the satisfaction leve ls of the players who wear the necklace D) A bar graph comparing batting averages of the players who wear the official titanium necklace and those who were unknowingly wearing a fake titanium necklace Answer: D Module: 1.4, 1.7, 1.9 Skill: Applying/Anal yzi ng Learning Outcome: 1.3 Global Learning: G1, G3, G4 22) What should one do if the results of an experiment consistently do not support the original hypothesis? A) Change the hypothesis to match the results. B) Change the results to match the hypothe sis . C) Accept the original hypothesis. D) Reject the original hypothesis and formulate a new hypothesis. Answer: D Module: 1.4 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.3 Global Learning: G1

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    7 23) Which of the following statements is correct regardi ng the process of science? A) The process of science is all about testing hypotheses. B) The process of science involves testing hypotheses, but also collecting data. C) The process of science involves te sting hypotheses, but also phases of exploration, co mmunication and societal outcomes. D) The process of science is all about developing new technologies. Answer: C Module: 1.4 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 24) What does the t erm theory mean to a scientist? A) A guess B) A prop osed explanation for an observed phenomenon C) A hypothesis that has been supported by the evidence of one experiment D) A hypothesis that has been supported by a large number of experiments Answer: D Mo dule: 1.5 Skill: Remembering/Understanding Learnin g Outcome: 1.3 Global Learning: G1 25) Evaluate the following statements; which statement is accurate? A) Scientists use the word theory in the same way that they use the word hypothesis; both mean a general idea that remains to be well tested. B) Scien tists use the word theory to mean a hypothesis that has been supported by many experiments; this is the same way non - scientists use the word theory. C) Scientists use the word theory to mean a hypothesis that has not been tested many times; this is the sam e way non - scientists use the word theory. D) Scientists use the word theory to mean a hypothesis that has bee n supported by many experiments; non - scientists use the word theory to mean a hypothesis that remains to be well tested. Answer: D Module: 1.5 Sk ill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.3 Global Learning: G1

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    8 26) Hypotheses must be ________. A) tes table B) falsifiable C) repeatable D) All of the above are important characteristics of hypotheses. Answer: D Module: 1.5 Skill: Remembering/Un derstanding Learning Outcome: 1.3 Global Learning: G1 Use the following study to answer the following quest ion(s): A researcher applies varying amounts of fertilizer (0, 2, 4, 8, 10 units) to 50 potted tomato plants. All other variables that may affect the outcome (watering, temperature, sunlight, plant size, etc.) are kept the same from pot to pot. At the end of the growing season, the tomatoes grown on each plant are weighed to determine which fertilizer level produced the largest tomato yield. 27) Wh ich variable is the independent variable? A) The temperature B) The tomato yield at the end of the growing sea son C) The fertilizer amount D) The plant size at the end of the growing season Answer: C Module: 1.6 Skill: Synthesizing/Evaluating Learning O utcome: 1.4 Global Learning: G1 28) Which variable is the dependent variable? A) The temperature B) The tomato yield at the end of the growing season C) The fertilizer amount D) The plant size at the end of the growing season Answer: B Module: 1.6 Ski ll: Synthesizing/Evaluating Learning O utcome: 1.4 Global Learning: G1

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    9 29) Is the study presented above a controlled experiment? A) Yes, because only the amount of fertilizer was changed, everything else was kept the same. B) Yes, because many pots wer e used. C) No, because the experiment wa s done only once. D) No, because several different amounts of fertilizers were used, not just one amount. Answer: A Module: 1.6 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.4 Use the following information to an swer the following question(s): You wake up one morning feeling slightly under the weather. A close family member enthusiastically suggests that you take some Echinacea, an herb commonly used as a cold remedy. You then decide to design an experiment to tes t Echinacea and see if this claim is tru e. You think, "If taken at the beginning of a cold, Echinacea will reduce cold symptoms." 30) Your statement, "If taken at the beginning of a cold, Echinacea will reduce cold symptoms," is called a(n) ________. A) o bservation B) hypothesis C) conclusion D) theory Answer: B Module: 1.5 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.3, 1.4 Global Learning: G1 31) You decide to test the effects of Echinacea on 100 people who are experiencing similar cold symptoms. Which of the following group s would represent an appropriate control in your experiment? A) One healthy person given Echinacea tablets B) One sick person given Echinacea tablets C) 100 healthy people given tablets similar to Echinacea but with no herb D) 1 00 sick people given tablets similar to Echinacea but with no herb Answer: D Module: 1.6 Skill: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.4 Global Learning: G1

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