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Biology /4.1: Structure of the cell-surface membrane

4.1: Structure of the cell-surface membrane

Biology11 CardsCreated 7 months ago

The phospholipid bilayer forms the basis of cell membranes, with hydrophilic heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails inward, creating a selective barrier. It allows lipid-soluble substances to pass, prevents water-soluble substances from crossing, and provides flexibility. Internal membranes compartmentalize cellular activities and support metabolic functions.

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Describe the structure of the phospholipid bilayer

-Hydrophilic heads of both phospholipid layers point to the outside of the cell-surface membrane attracted by water on both sides.
-The hydrophilic tails of both phospholipid layers point into the surface of the cell surface membrane repelled by water.

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Key Terms

Term

Definition

Describe the structure of the phospholipid bilayer

-Hydrophilic heads of both phospholipid layers point to the outside of the cell-surface membrane attracted by water on both sides.
-The hydrophi...

Describe the functions of the phospholipids in the cell-surface membrane

-Allow lipid-soluble substances to enter and leave the cell
-Prevent water soluble substances entering and leaving the cell
- Make the membra...

Describe the function of membranes within cells

Control the entry and exit of material in discrete organelles
-Separate organelles from cytoplasm so that specific metabolic reactions c...

What are intrinsic proteins?

Occur in the surface of the bilayer and never extend completely across it
-Act to give mechanical support to the membrane or act as cell-surface...

What are extrinsic proteins?

Completely span the phospholipid bilayer
-Protein channels or carrier proteins

Describe the function of proteins in the membrane

provide structural support
act as channels to transport water soluble substances across the membrane
-allow active transp...

Describe the function of cholesterol in the membrane

Hydrophobic- prevent the leakage of water and dissolved ions from the cell
Pull together fatty acid tails of phospholipids- ...

Describe the function of glycolipids in the membrane

Act as recognition sites
-Help cells attach to one another to form tissues
Helps maintain the stability of the membrane

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4.1: Structure of the cell-surface membrane

Term	Definition
Describe the structure of the phospholipid bilayer	-Hydrophilic heads of both phospholipid layers point to the outside of the cell-surface membrane attracted by water on both sides. -The hydrophilic tails of both phospholipid layers point into the surface of the cell surface membrane repelled by water.
Describe the functions of the phospholipids in the cell-surface membrane	-Allow lipid-soluble substances to enter and leave the cell -Prevent water soluble substances entering and leaving the cell - Make the membrane flexible and self sealing
Describe the function of membranes within cells	Control the entry and exit of material in discrete organelles -Separate organelles from cytoplasm so that specific metabolic reactions can take place within them -Provide and internal transport system -Isolate enzymes that might damage the cell -Provide surfaces on which reactions can occur
What are intrinsic proteins?	Occur in the surface of the bilayer and never extend completely across it -Act to give mechanical support to the membrane or act as cell-surface receptors
What are extrinsic proteins?	Completely span the phospholipid bilayer -Protein channels or carrier proteins
Describe the function of proteins in the membrane	provide structural support act as channels to transport water soluble substances across the membrane -allow active transport through carrier proteins form cell-surface receptors for identifying cells help cells adhere together
Describe the function of cholesterol in the membrane	Hydrophobic- prevent the leakage of water and dissolved ions from the cell Pull together fatty acid tails of phospholipids- reduce lateral movement of phospholipids and other molecules Makes the membrane less fluid at high temperatures
Describe the function of glycolipids in the membrane	Act as recognition sites -Help cells attach to one another to form tissues Helps maintain the stability of the membrane